American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Oct 2015
Nocturnal Hypoxemia Severity Determines Renin-Angiotensin System Activity in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and nocturnal hypoxemia are associated with chronic kidney disease and up-regulation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which is deleterious to renal function. The extent to which the magnitude of RAS activation is influenced by the severity of nocturnal hypoxemia and comorbid obesity has not been determined. ⋯ The severity of nocturnal hypoxemia influences the magnitude of renal, but not the systemic, RAS activation independently of obesity in patients with OSA.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Oct 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialFirst Human Challenge Testing of a Pneumococcal Vaccine - Double Blind Randomised Controlled Trial.
New vaccines are urgently needed to protect the vulnerable from bacterial pneumonia. Clinical trials of pneumonia vaccines are slow and costly, requiring tens of thousands of patients. Studies of pneumococcal vaccine efficacy against colonization have been proposed as a novel method to down-select between vaccine candidates. ⋯ 45340436.