American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Dec 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyCharacteristics and Outcomes of Eligible Non-Enrolled Patients in a Mechanical Ventilation Trial of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.
Patients eligible for randomized controlled trials may not be enrolled for various reasons. Nonenrollment may affect study generalizability and lengthen the time required for trial completion. ⋯ Nonenrollment was common, with approximately one ENE patient for every randomized patient. Our study suggests that enrollment in trials of mechanical ventilation may be associated with improved outcomes compared with standard care and highlights the need for prospective tracking and transparent reporting of ENE patients as part of trial management.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Dec 2015
Hepatic Shunting of Eggs and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Bmpr2(+/-) Mice with Schistosomiasis.
Schistosomiasis is a major cause of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein type-II receptor (BMPR-II) are the commonest genetic cause of PAH. ⋯ This study has shown that levels of BMPR-II expression modify the pulmonary vascular response to chronic schistosomiasis. The likely mechanism involves the increased passage of eggs to the lungs, caused by altered diameter of the hepatic veins and sinusoids in Bmpr2(+/-) mice. Genetically determined differences in the remodeling of hepatic vessels may represent a new risk factor for PAH associated with schistosomiasis.