American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Aug 2015
Observational StudyDisease Progression and Changes in Physical Activity in Patients with COPD.
Little is known about the role of physical activity in the course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). ⋯ Over time, physical activity substantially decreases across all severity stages of COPD, and this decline is paralleled by a worsening of lung function and health status. Sustained physical inactivity is associated with a progression of exercise intolerance and muscle depletion.
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Aug 2015
An Official American Thoracic Society Research Statement: Current Understanding and Future Research Needs in Tobacco Control and Treatment.
Since the mid-20th century, the scientific community has substantially improved its understanding of the worldwide tobacco epidemic. Although significant progress has been made, the sheer enormity and scope of the global problem put it on track to take a billion lives this century. Curbing the epidemic will require maximizing the impact of proven tools as well as the development of new, breakthrough methods to help interrupt the spread of nicotine addiction and reduce the downstream morbidity. ⋯ In the coming era of tobacco research, pooled talent from multiple disciplines will be required to further illuminate the complex social, environmental and biological codeterminants of tobacco dependence.
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Aug 2015
Controlled Clinical TrialMechanical Stress Induces Lung Fibrosis via Midkine Signaling Pathway.
Lung-protective ventilatory strategies have been widely used in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), but the ARDS mortality rate remains unacceptably high and there is no proven pharmacologic therapy. ⋯ Mechanical stretch can induce an epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype mediated by the MK-Notch2-angiotensin-converting enzyme signaling pathway, contributing to lung remodeling. The MK pathway is a potential therapeutic target in the context of ARDS-associated lung fibrosis.