American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialThe Association Between Smoking Abstinence and Mortality in the National Lung Screening Trial.
Smoking is the largest contributor to lung cancer risk, and those who continue to smoke after diagnosis have a worse survival. Screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) reduces mortality in high-risk individuals. Smoking cessation is an essential component of a high-quality screening program. ⋯ Seven years of smoking abstinence reduced lung cancer-specific mortality at a magnitude comparable with LDCT screening. This reduction was greater when abstinence was combined with screening, highlighting the importance of smoking cessation efforts in screening programs.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialResults of the Randomized Danish Lung Cancer Screening Trial with Focus on High-risk Profiling.
As of April 2015, participants in the Danish Lung Cancer Screening Trial had been followed for at least 5 years since their last screening. ⋯ No statistically significant effects of CT screening on lung cancer mortality were found, but the results of post hoc high-risk subgroup analyses showed nonsignificant trends that seem to be in good agreement with the results of the National Lung Screening Trial. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00496977).
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2016
Morphometric Analysis of Explant Lungs in Cystic Fibrosis.
After repeated cycles of lung infection and inflammation, patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) evolve to respiratory insufficiency. Although histology and imaging have provided descriptive information, a thorough morphometric analysis of end-stage CF lung disease is lacking. ⋯ Extensive changes of dilatation and obstruction in nearly all airway generations were observed in end-stage CF lung disease.