American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Nov 2017
Air Pollution from Livestock Farms is Associated with Airway Obstruction in Neighboring Residents.
Livestock farm emissions may not only affect respiratory health of farmers but also of neighboring residents. ⋯ Spatial and temporal variation in livestock air pollution emissions are associated with lung function deficits in nonfarming residents.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Nov 2017
Acquisition and Transmission of Streptococcus pneumoniae is Facilitated During Rhinovirus Infection in Families with Children.
Laboratory and clinical evidence suggests synergy between rhinoviruses and Streptococcus pneumoniae in the pathogenesis of respiratory tract infections. However, it is unclear whether rhinoviruses promote pneumococcal acquisition and transmission. ⋯ Rhinovirus infection within families facilitates acquisition and within-family transmission of S. pneumoniae.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Nov 2017
Role of Glucagon in Catabolism and Muscle Wasting of Critical Illness and Modulation by Nutrition.
Critical illness is hallmarked by muscle wasting and disturbances in glucose, lipid, and amino acid homeostasis. Circulating concentrations of glucagon, a catabolic hormone that affects these metabolic pathways, are elevated during critical illness. Insight in the nutritional regulation of glucagon and its metabolic role during critical illness is lacking. ⋯ These data suggest that elevated glucagon availability during critical illness increases hepatic amino acid catabolism, explaining the illness-induced hypoaminoacidemia, without affecting muscle wasting and without a sustained impact on blood glucose. Furthermore, amino acid infusion likely results in a further breakdown of amino acids in the liver, mediated by increased glucagon, without preventing muscle wasting. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 00512122).
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Nov 2017
Letter Comparative Study Observational StudyStereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy Induces Peripheral T-cell Activation in Early Stage Lung Cancer Patients.