American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jun 2018
Respiratory Symptoms in Young Adults and Future Lung Disease. The CARDIA Lung Study.
There are limited data on factors in young adulthood that predict future lung disease. ⋯ Persistent respiratory symptoms in young adults are associated with accelerated decline in lung function, incident obstructive and restrictive physiology, and greater odds of future radiographic emphysema.
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jun 2018
HIV gp120 in the Lungs of Antiretroviral Therapy-treated Individuals Impairs Alveolar Macrophage Responses to Pneumococci.
People living with HIV are at significantly increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease, despite long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART). The mechanism explaining this observation remains undefined. ⋯ Despite ART, HIV-1, via gp120, drives persisting innate immune defects in AM microbicidal mechanisms, enhancing susceptibility to pneumococcal disease.
-
The ratio of PaO2 to FiO2 (P/F) defines acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) severity and suggests appropriate therapies. ⋯ Using the 150-mm-Hg P/F threshold gave a more homogeneous distribution of patients with ARDS across the severity subgroups and identified two populations that differed in their anatomical and physiological characteristics. The patients treated with ECMO belonged to the severe ARDS group, and almost 90% of them belonged to the higher FiO2 subgroup.
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jun 2018
Cardioventilatory Control in Preterm-born Children and the Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
The contribution of ventilatory control to the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in preterm-born children is unknown. ⋯ The risk for OSA could be stratified according to controller gain, plant gain, cardiorespiratory coupling, and gestational age. These findings could guide personalized care for children at risk for OSA.