American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2019
Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Genome-wide Interaction Analyses Reveal DPP10-Pulmonary Function Association.
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have anti-inflammatory properties that could benefit adults with comprised pulmonary health. ⋯ We corroborated beneficial effects of n-3 PUFAs on pulmonary function. By modeling genome-wide n-3 PUFA interactions, we identified a novel DPP10 SNP association with FVC that was not detectable in much larger studies ignoring this interaction.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2019
Near-Apneic Ventilation Decreases Lung Injury and Fibroproliferation in an ARDS Model with ECMO.
There is wide variability in mechanical ventilation settings during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Although lung rest is recommended to prevent further injury, there is no evidence to support it. ⋯ In an acute respiratory distress syndrome model supported with ECMO, near-apneic ventilation decreased histologic lung injury and matrix metalloproteinase activity, and prevented the expression of myofibroblast markers.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2019
Letter Randomized Controlled TrialLow-Dose Budesonide/Formoterol Counteracts Airway Inflammation and Improves Lung Function in COPD.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2019
Increased COPD Exacerbations of Likely Viral Etiology Follow Elevated Ambient NOx.
Epidemiologic research strongly supports an association between air pollution and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations. Numerous mechanisms may underlie any association because pollutants are toxic to pulmonary cells and may increase susceptibility to respiratory infections. The relationship between ambient pollution and exacerbation etiology has not been studied. ⋯ Higher levels of ambient NOx are associated with prolonged exacerbations of likely viral etiology, supporting toxicologic effects of air pollution that increase susceptibility to, and severity of, infection.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2019
Caring for Critically Ill Patients in Humanitarian Settings.
Critical care medicine is far from the first medical field to come to mind when humanitarian action is mentioned, yet both critical care and humanitarian action share a fundamental purpose to save the lives and ease the suffering of people caught in acute crises. Critically ill children and adults will be present regardless of resource limitations and irrespective of geography, regional or cultural contexts, insecurity, or socioeconomic status, and they may be even more prevalent in a humanitarian crisis. Critical care is not limited to the walls of a hospital, and all hospitals will have critically ill patients regardless of designating a specific ward an ICU. ⋯ These principles can be effectively adopted in humanitarian settings by normalizing them to everyday clinical practice. Equally, core humanitarian principles-dignity, accountability, impartiality, neutrality-can be applied to critical care. Applying principles of critical care in a context-specific manner and applying humanitarian principles to critical care can improve the quality of patient care and transcend barriers to resource limitations.