American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Apr 2019
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing provides additional prognostic information in cystic fibrosis.
The prognostic value of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) for survival in cystic fibrosis (CF) in the context of current clinical management, when controlling for other known prognostic factors, is unclear. ⋯ CPET provides additional prognostic information to established predictors of death/lung transplantation in CF. High-risk patients may especially benefit from regular monitoring of exercise capacity and exercise counseling.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Apr 2019
Rural Residence and Poverty are Independent Risk Factors for COPD in the United States.
In developing countries, poor and rural areas have a high burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and environmental pollutants and indoor burning of biomass have been implicated as potential causal exposures. Less is known about the prevalence of COPD in the United States with respect to urban-rural distribution, poverty, and factors that uniquely contribute to COPD among never-smokers. ⋯ In a nationally representative sample, rural residence and poverty were risk factors for COPD, even among never-smokers. The use of coal for heating was also a risk factor for COPD among never-smokers. Future disparities research to elucidate contributors to COPD development in poor and rural areas, including assessments of heating sources and environmental pollutants, is needed.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Apr 2019
Observational StudyEarly Pulmonary Vascular Disease in Preterm Infants is Associated with Late Respiratory Outcomes in Childhood.
Early pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) after preterm birth is associated with a high risk for developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), but its relationship with late respiratory outcomes during early childhood remains uncertain. ⋯ Early echocardiographic evidence of PVD after preterm birth in combination with other perinatal factors is a strong risk factor for LRD, suggesting that early PVD may contribute to the pathobiology of BPD.