American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Oct 2020
Comparative StudyRole of TL1A/DR3 Axis in the Activation of ILC2s in Eosinophilic Asthmatics.
Rationale: Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are critical for type 2 inflammation. In murine models of asthma, some ILC2s remain activated in the absence of epithelial cell-derived cytokine signaling, implicating alternate stimulatory pathways. DR3 (death receptor 3), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is expressed on ILC2s. ⋯ The highest levels were detected in subjects with severe asthma with airway autoimmune responses. C1q+ immune complexes from the sputa of subjects with severe asthma with high autoantibody levels stimulated TL1A production by monocytes. Conclusions: The TL1A/DR3 axis is a costimulator of ILC2s in asthma, particularly in the airways of patients with a predisposition to autoimmune responses.