American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Feb 2025
Serial Pulmonary Hemodynamics in Patients with IPF Listed for Lung Transplant.
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) commonly complicates idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the rate of change in pulmonary hemodynamics in IPF remains poorly defined. ⋯ PH associated with IPF tends to progress in an unpredictable fashion, with some patients demonstrating an accelerated phenotype. Among patients with RHC hemodynamics below the threshold for therapy, close vigilance is warranted with consideration for an early repeat RHC. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Feb 2025
Mucoid Staphylococcus aureus - Prevalence and Association with Lung Function in People with Cystic Fibrosis.
The mucoid phenotype of Staphylococcus aureus is caused by adaptation. Excessive biofilm formation associated with a protective effect for mucoid S. aureus was observed in isolates from respiratory samples of people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). However, there is little knowledge about the prevalence of mucoid S. aureus in pwCF and a potential association with CF lung disease. ⋯ In the era of highly effective modulator therapy, worse lung function was associated with female and P. aeruginosa-negative pwCF with mucoid S. aureus compared to pwCF with only non-mucoid S. aureus. Therefore, appropriate culture conditions should be established to detect mucoid S. aureus. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the relationship between mucoid S. aureus and CF lung disease.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Feb 2025
Long-Term Fine Particulate Matter Exposure on Lung Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Chinese Nonsmokers.
Rationale: The association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and lung cancer incidence in non-smokers (LCINS) remains inconsistent. Objectives: To investigate the association between long-term PM2.5 exposure and LCINS in a Chinese population and to assess the modifying effect of genetic factors. Methods: Time-dependent Cox proportional hazard models were employed to evaluate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of PM2.5 with LCINS risk and LCINS-related mortality. ⋯ Approximately 33.6% of LCINS cases and 48.5% of LCINS-related deaths in China could be prevented if PM2.5 concentrations were reduced to meet WHO guidelines. Conclusion: Long-term exposure to outdoor PM2.5 increases LCINS risk and LCINS-related mortality, especially in populations with high genetic risk. Strengthening air pollution control measures in China has the potential to significantly reduce the burden of LCINS.