Medicina
-
Review Comparative Study
Systematic review on the incidence and prevalence of severe maternal morbidity.
To summarize the prevalence and the incidence of serious morbidity from studies reporting data on severe maternal morbidity and to compare study designs and definitions. ⋯ The prevalence of severe maternal morbidity ranged from 0.07-8.23% and the case-fatality ratio from 0.02-37%. Studies estimating the incidence of severe maternal morbidity have used different definitions and ways of identification. Severe hemorrhage, sepsis and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are the commonly used "near-miss" conditions. Further work will be able to create clear definition and method of identification.
-
Review Comparative Study
[Etiology and pathogenesis of acute respiratory failure].
The aim of this study was to determine factors influencing acute respiratory failure and pathogenesis according to literature and clinical findings in critically ill patients. The term "respiratory failure" implies the inability to maintain either the normal delivery of oxygen to tissues and release or the normal removal of carbon dioxide from the tissues. There are many patients suffering from acute respiratory failure caused by nosocomial pneumonia, septic syndrome, aspiration, interstitial or alveolar lung edema, thromboembolism of a. pulmonalis, polytrauma and lung contusion, acute respiratory distress syndrome, long-term mechanical ventilation of the lungs, acute lung injury, status asthmaticus, rather massive transfusions of blood products, and lipid embolism in the intensive care unit. ⋯ Failure of any step in this process can lead to respiratory failure. Long-term hypoxia causes ischemic changes and dysfunction of brain, heart, kidney, lungs and can worsen the course of disease or cause higher mortality. It is important to determine the pathogenetic mechanisms of acute respiratory failure, estimate the main parameters and their interrelations and prescribe proper treatment.
-
Comparative Study
The influence of cardiopulmonary bypass on respiratory dysfunction in early postoperative period.
Pulmonary dysfunction is one of the most serious problems in an early postoperative period after cardiac surgery. This study was designed to reveal the impact of performed cardiopulmonary bypass on pulmonary function during early postoperative period by evaluating the intrapulmonary shunt. ⋯ Arterial hypoxemia and increase in intrapulmonary shunt (due to atelectasis) have proven that alterations in pulmonary function are found more often and are more pronounced in patients after surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass.
-
Comparative Study
[Analysis of burn-related deaths in Kaunas University of Medicine Hospital during 1993-2002].
Objective of this study was to investigate mortality of burned patients, treated in Kaunas University of Medicine Hospital during 1993-2002, changes of mortality, causes of death, to assess patients' age, gender, burn agent, and adjacent diseases. ⋯ At higher mortality risk are elder burned patient with major burns, especially with serious adjacent diseases. Common death causes in burned patients are pneumonia, pulmonary edema and sepsis.
-
Comparative Study
[Influence of patient's social and demographic characteristics on patient's expectations for medical consultation].
Most of the patients, coming to see their primary care physician, have explicit expectations and priorities for the medical consultation. Recognition of these expectations is an important step in organizing patient-oriented health care services. Patient expectations depend on a number of factors: health problem and its severity, as well as social and demographic characteristics of patient and physician. Objective of this survey was to evaluate influence of patient's socio-demographic characteristics and some health status indicators on expectations for primary care consultation. ⋯ Patient's need for emotional support from physician depends on his age, marital status, frequency of his visits to physician during the year, self-perception of the health status and course of disease. Analysis of relationship between patient's expectations and his sex, education, physician's sex or type of practice did not show statistically significant differences between groups. No influence of analyzed social and demographic characteristics or perceived health status on biomedical expectations (laboratory tests, specialist consultations, and hospital treatment) was found during our study.