Medicina
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients frequently suffer from multiple comorbidities, resulting in poor outcomes for these patients. Diabetes is observed at a higher frequency in COPD patients than in the general population. Both type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus are associated with pulmonary complications, and similar therapeutic strategies are proposed to treat these conditions. ⋯ Despite the vast literature on clinical disease association, little direct mechanistic evidence is currently available demonstrating that either disease influences the progression of the other, but common pharmacological approaches could slow the progression of these diseases. Here, we review the clinical and scientific literature to discuss whether mechanisms beyond preexisting conditions, lifestyle, and weight gain contribute to the development of COPD associated with diabetes. Specifically, we outline environmental and genetic confounders linked with these diseases.
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Background and objectives: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma represents one of the common malignancies with a relatively poor prognosis. However, early detection of this type of cancer may prove to be curable. Recent advancements in the radiological techniques might represent a hope for the early diagnosis and prediction of prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. ⋯ Similarly, a strong correlation was found between MTV and PFS. Serum MMP-2 levels showed a significant relationship with the performance status, tumor stage, SUVmax threshold, and the glycolytic activity. Conclusions: Peak SUV, main lesion SUVmax, serum MMP-2, and the tumor glycolytic activity are good predictors of PFS of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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Background and Objectives: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a state in which a patient experiences intraoral burning or a dysesthetic sensation without clinically evident causative lesions in the oropharyngeal area. The disorder is linked to a variety of conditions, including dry mouth, Candida, and bacterial infections. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of oral Candida and/or bacterial infections among patients with BMS and whether they have an effect on pain/burning and salivary flow levels. ⋯ No statistical significance could be noted between the existence of either Candida species or bacterial species infections and changes in pain/burning and salivary flow levels. Negative correlations were noted between age and unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow, and positive correlations were noted between age and Candida andspecific bacteria species' growth levels. Conclusions: Although patients with present bacterial or Candida infections showed a marginal increase in pain/burning levels, no direct statistically significant associations could be made between the presence of Candida species or other bacteria and the symptoms among patients with BMS.