Medicina
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Associations of A20, CYLD, Cezanne and JAK2 Genes and Immunophenotype with Psoriasis Susceptibility.
Background and Objectives: Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory skin disorder and commonly associated with highly noticeable erythematous, thickened and scaly plaques. Deubiquitinase genes, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha protein 3 (TNFAIP3, A20), the cylindromatosis (CYLD) and Cezanne, function as negative regulators of inflammatory response through the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathways. In this study, polymorphisms and expressions of A20, CYLD and Cezanne genes as well as immunophenotype in psoriatic patients were determined. ⋯ Conclusions: A20 expression was associated with lipid metabolism and the recruitment of CD13+ CD117- and activated B cells into circulation in psoriatic patients. Besides this, the deleterious effect of the p. W433R variant in the Cezanne gene may contribute to the risk of psoriasis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Tubularization of Bone-Tendon-Bone Grafts: Effects on Mechanical Strength and Postoperative Knee Stability in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.
Background and Objectives: The study addresses a significant limitation in applying bone-patellar tendon-bone (BTB) grafts in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery. By exploring the tubularization of grafts, the study extends the understanding of this surgical technique. The dual approach of the study-focusing on biomechanical properties using an animal model and postoperative outcomes in humans-offers a comprehensive perspective. ⋯ The clinical study concluded that there was no significant difference between the two groups of patients in the average score on the Tegner, Lysholm, and IKDC scales before and after surgery. Conclusions: The study results showed that suturing the graft does not negatively affect its biomechanical properties, and tubularization significantly increases the values of force required to cause rupture and the values of maximum elongation during rupture. Given the possibility of the one-year follow-up period being insufficient, future investigations should extend this period to acquire objective functional insights post-surgery.
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Background and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of immunological biomarkers in children with asthmatic bronchitis and asthma and to develop a machine learning (ML) model for rapid differential diagnosis of these two diseases. Materials and Methods: Immunological biomarkers in peripheral blood were detected using flow cytometry and immunoturbidimetry. The importance of characteristic variables was ranked and screened using random forest and extra trees algorithms. ⋯ Random forest showed a comprehensive high performance compared with other models in learning and training the dataset of immunological biomarkers. Conclusions: This study developed a prediction model for early differential diagnosis of asthmatic bronchitis and asthma using immunological biomarkers. Evaluation of the immune status of patients may provide additional clinical information for those children transforming from asthmatic bronchitis to asthma under recurrent attacks.
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Background and Objectives: The relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality is well-established. Ventricular arrhythmias (VA) are frequently diagnosed in patients with T2DM, especially in those with associated coronary syndrome, non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM), and heart failure (HF). In these patients, VA and sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) are considered responsible for more than 50% of CV deaths. ⋯ Materials and Methods: We researched the medical literature on Pub-Med, Clarivate, and Google Scholar for original articles published in the last five years that debated the possible effects of various GLA on ventricular arrhythmias. Results: We identified nineteen original articles, nine of them debating the antiarrhythmic effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i); Conclusions: The results concerning the impact of various GLA on VA/SCA were heterogeneous depending on the pharmacological class studied, with some of them having neutral, positive, or negative effects. Although it appears that SGLT2i reduces the prevalence of atrial fibrillation and SCA, their effect on VA is not conclusive.
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Reconstruction of the midface represents a challenge for reconstructive microsurgeons given the formidable task of restoring both aesthetics and functionality. In particular, preservation of proper globe positioning and maintaining normal vision are as important as restoring the proper projection of the midface and enabling a patient to speak and eat as normally as possible. ⋯ Here, we introduce some novel advances in utilizing VSP for bony reconstruction of the midface. The present review aims (1) to provide a review of the literature on the use of VSP in midface reconstruction and (2) to provide some insights from the authors' early experience.