Medicina
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Case Reports
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Primary Hyperparathyroidism in a Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patient: A Case Report.
Immunotherapy is increasingly being used in the treatment of tumors. Adverse effects, however, are not uncommon, with the most common immune-related adverse events (IrAEs) including rash, fatigue, anemia, diarrhea, constipation, and elevated transaminase, among others. Rare IrAEs, which may include thrombocytopenia, hypoparathyroidism, pancreatitis glomerulonephritis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and celiac disease, may also present. ⋯ We speculate that the hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia observed in this case were secondary to ICI-induced PHPT. Although fatal PHPT is rare, early intervention may reduce the risk of future complications. Therefore, further exploration of the underlying mechanisms is needed to guide solutions.
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Editorial
Recent Advances in Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment, Psychology, Management, and Reconstruction.
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in women after skin cancer [...].
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Background and Objectives: Left atrial hypertension is one of the pathophysiologies of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. We hypothesized that left atrial pressure response (LAPR) to incremental pacing is higher in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and can predict left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Materials and Methods: Patients requiring left atrial access as a part of a therapeutic procedure for AF (n = 204, AF group) or supraventricular tachycardia (n = 34, control group) were analyzed (male n = 183, 54 ± 12 years old). ⋯ Body mass index and a high E/e' were independent predictors of pacing-induced left atrial hypertension. Conclusions: LAPR to incremental pacing was constant regardless of AF. The non-invasive echocardiographic marker E/e' reflected pacing-induced left atrial hypertension.
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Background and Objectives: To investigate the digital measurement method for the plate trajectory of dynamic anterior plate-screw system for quadrilateral plate (DAPSQ), and then design a third-generation DAPSQ plate that conforms to the needs of the Chinese population through collating a large sample anatomical data. Materials and Methods: Firstly, the length of the pubic region, quadrilateral region, iliac region, and the total length of the DAPSQ trajectory were measured by a digital measurement approach in 22 complete pelvic specimens. Then, the results were compared with the direct measurement of pelvic specimens to verify the reliability of the digital measurement method. ⋯ Based on the measurement results, six models of the DAPSQ plate including small size (A1,A2), medium size (B1,B2), and the large size (C1,C2) were designed. The verification experiment showed that all these six type plates could meet the requirement of 94.36% cases. Conclusions: A reliable computerized method for measuring irregular pelvic structure was proposed, which not only provided an anatomical basis for the design of the third-generation DAPSQ plate, but also provided a reference for the design of other pelvic fixation devices.
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Background and Objectives: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are usually enriched in ovarian cancer (OC), and their immunosuppressive function plays a key role in tumorigenesis and progression. We mainly explored the phenotypical characterization of Treg-related markers on αβ and γδ T cell subsets in patients with OC. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six untreated patients with OC at the Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from September 2019 to August 2021 were enrolled. ⋯ A significant positive correlation between Treg subpopulations and CA125, HE4, and TGF-β was revealed. Conclusions: Proportions of CD4+ Tregs, CD8+ Tregs, and CD3+γδ T cell subsets were significantly increased in OC patients and were positively correlated with FIGO stage/metastasis status, CA125, HE4, and TGF-β. These indicators have the potential to be used as immunosurveillance biomarkers for OC.