Medicina
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Background and objectives: In patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), heterogeneous expression of Mismatch repair (MMR) proteins can manifest itself in several different forms and is not such a rare phenomenon. Therefore, it is very important to recognize the nuclear expression of MMR proteins of different MMR status in order to avoid false positive or false negative results. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and distribution of heterogeneous expression of MMR proteins in patients with stages II and III of the disease as well as its association with clinical, demographic and pathological characteristics of CRC in relation to proficient and deficient expression of MMR proteins. ⋯ Results: From a total of 104 patients with colorectal cancer, immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of all four MMR proteins showed that heterogeneous expression of MMR proteins (as well as deficient immunoreactivity of tumor cells) was present in 12 cases, while proficient expression of MMR proteins was detected in 80 tumors. Conclusions: Our study showed that the only independent predictors of the loss of MMR protein expression were younger patient age and right-sided anatomical location of the tumor. The study also established the existence of heterogeneous expression of MMR proteins in a non-negligible percentage of CRCs (11.5%), where heterogeneous nuclear expression of MMR proteins was described in several different forms.
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An insufficient volume of the alveolar bone may prevent implants from being placed in the prosthetically optimal position. Complex restoration of bony structures is required to achieve long-term peri-implant bone stability and represents an adequate prosthetic solution. Background and Objectives: The shell technique has become a widespread and important method for guided bone regeneration in dentistry. ⋯ Three CB CT scans taken before treatment, 6 months after the augmentation period/before implant placement, and after a 6-year follow-up period, were analyzed using stable referent points. After the 6 -year follow-up period, the average resorption rate was 21.65% on the augmented buccal side, with no implant exposure being observed. Conclusions: The bone shell technique used in conjunction with allogenic bone plates combined with autogenous bone, xenografts, and collagen membranes is an effective technique to manage horizontal ridge defects.
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Achieving adequate immunosuppression for lung transplant recipients in the first year after lung transplantation is a key challenge. Prophylaxis of allograft rejection must be balanced with the adverse events associated with immunosuppressive drugs, for example infection, renal failure, and diabetes. ⋯ In our adaptive immunosuppression approach, we additionally consider results from the white blood cell counts, in particular lymphocytes and eosinophils, as biomarkers for monitoring the level of immunosuppression and additionally use them as therapeutic targets to fine-tune the immunosuppressive strategy over time. The concept and its rationale are outlined, and areas of future research mentioned.
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Background and Objectives: Cervical cancer (CC) is a malignant tumor occurring in the cervical epithelium, which is one of the most common cancer-caused deaths in females. Inhibin β A (INHBA) is the most widely expressed biomarker of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family in tumor cells, and has predictive value for tumor development and prognosis. In this study, the expression of INHBA in CC tissue was examined to analyze the relationship between INHBA expression and pathological characteristics, anti-tumor immune response and clinical prognosis of CC. ⋯ Logistic regression analysis showed that FIGO stage, differentiation degree, lymph node metastasis and INHBA were the factors influencing the poor prognosis of patients with CC (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The abnormally high expression of INHBA in patients with CC was related to the pathological characteristics, anti-tumor immune response and survival time, and leaded to a poor prognosis. It was speculated that INHBA exerted an important reference role in tumor invasion and clinical prognosis evaluation, which could act as a new target for anti-tumor treatment of CC.
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Review Meta Analysis
The Prognostic Utilities of Various Risk Factors for Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Objective: To assess the prognostic utilities of various risk factors for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: Six databases were searched to January 2022. Hazard ratios for overall survival and disease-free survival were collected and study characteristics were recorded. ⋯ In terms of disease-free survival, older age (≥60 years), TNM stages III and IV, tumor stages III and IV, supraglottic tumors, and nodal involvement all increased the risk of death. Conclusions: The TNM stage importantly predicts overall survival, and tumor location predicts the disease-free survival of patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Of patients with risk factors, the Charlson comorbidity index usefully predicts overall survival.