Medicina
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Orofacial granulomatosis (OFG) represents a heterogeneous group of rare orofacial diseases. When affecting gingiva, it appears as a chronic soft tissue inflammation, sometimes combined with the enlargement and swelling of other intraoral sites, including the lips. Gingival biopsy highlights noncaseating granulomatous inflammation, similar to that observed in Crohn's disease and sarcoidosis. ⋯ Daily corticoid mouthwashes over a period of 3 months resulted in a slight improvement in clinical signs, despite an intermittent inflammation recurrence. This study brings new insights into the microscopic features of gingival orofacial granulomatosis, thus providing key elements to oral practitioners to ensure accurate and timely OFG diagnosis. The accurate diagnosis of OFG allows targeted management of symptoms and patient monitoring over time, along with early detection and treatment of extra-oral manifestations, such as Crohn's disease.
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The worldwide incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has increased in recent decades. The reasons behind this phenomenon are not yet fully understood. ⋯ However, the rapid increase in new cases of the disease raises the hypothesis that lifestyle factors, which have traditionally been associated with type 2 diabetes, such as obesity and unhealthy eating patterns could also play a role in the genesis of autoimmune diabetes. This article aims to highlight the changing epidemiology of T1DM and the importance of properly recognizing the environmental factors behind it, as well as the connections with the pathogenesis of the disorder and the need to prevent or delay T1DM and its long-term complications.
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In patients with eye surface disorders such as dry eye syndrome or Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) it is necessary to improve the tear film condition in order to obtain visual system measurements before cataract surgery. The aim of the project was to analyze the Thermal Pulsation System (TPS) impact on the visual system parameters used in cataract surgery qualification. The study included six patients (11 eyes) with MGD diagnosis. ⋯ Based on the calculations, power of the recommended IOL has changed in five eyes (46%). Stabilization of visual system parameters after TPS allowed to improve the accuracy of the results. It also ensured the proper astigmatism treating method during cataract surgery and allowed selection of the proper IOL power and type.
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Background and Objectives: In the last decades, simultaneously increasing trends have been recorded for both caesarean section delivery and childhood overweight/obesity around the world, which are considered serious public health concerns, negatively affecting child health. Aim: The present study aims to investigate whether caesarean section is associated with the increased rates of childhood overweight/obesity, low childbirth anthropometric indices and postnatal complications in pre-school age. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which 5215 pre-school children aged 2-5 years old were enrolled from nine different Greek regions after applying specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. ⋯ In a multivariate analysis, caesarean section increased the risk of childhood overweight/obesity and low childbirth anthropometric indices even if adjusting for several childhood and maternal confounding factors. Conclusions: Increasing trends were recorded for both caesarean section delivery and childhood overweight/obesity, which are considered serious public health concerns. Caesarean section independently increased childhood overweight/obesity in pre-school age, highlighting the emergent need to promote health policies and strategies to inform future mothers about its short and long-term risks and that this mode of delivery should preferably be performed only when there are strong medical recommendations in emergency obstetric conditions.
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Review Meta Analysis
Robot-Assisted Kyphoplasty versus Fluoroscopy-Assisted Kyphoplasty: A Meta-Analysis of Postoperative Outcomes.
Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures are the most common manifestation of osteoporosis. Percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) can lead to both pain improvement and correction of kyphosis secondary to collapsed vertebral bodies. Robot-assisted (RA) PKP has been reported to provide better vertebral body fracture correction than conventional fluoroscopy-assisted (FA) PKP. ⋯ Our meta-analysis revealed no significant difference in postoperative pain between RA PKP and FA PKP. Patients undergoing RA PKP had better pain improvement compared to FA PKP at 6 months postoperatively. However, further studies focusing on long-term outcomes in patients undergoing RA PKP are warranted to clarify its benefit, given the small number of included studies.