Medicina
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Observational Study
Exploring the Relationship Between Lipoprotein (a) Level and Myocardial Infarction Risk: An Observational Study.
Background and Objectives: This observational study investigates the relationship between Lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) levels and the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study aims to highlight the association of elevated Lipoprotein (a) levels with an increased atherogenic profile and the potential risk of AMI. Materials and Methods: We conducted a case-control study involving 106 individuals, including 64 AMI patients (both STEMI and NSTEMI) and 42 healthy controls. ⋯ Conclusions: Lp(a) is a significant independent risk factor for acute myocardial infarction; therefore, screening for Lp(a) levels can help identify high-risk individuals beyond traditional markers. Therapeutic approaches targeting Lp(a) may reduce AMI incidence. Future research should explore how Lp(a) promotes atherosclerosis and assess Lp(a)-lowering therapies to improve patient outcomes.
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Background and Objectives: Coronary sinus oxygen saturation is a useful indicator of health and disease states. However, it is not routinely used in clinical practice. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) oximetry can accurately estimate oxygen saturation in the pulmonary artery. ⋯ This association enables the estimation of ScsO2 from purely CMR-derived data. We have also described a second model using arterial and superior vena cava saturation measurements, providing an alternative method. Future validation in larger, independent cohorts is needed.
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Review Case Reports
Modified Altemeier Procedure as Management for Incarcerated Rectal Prolapse in a Young Healthy Male Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Rectal prolapse (RP) is a rare condition presenting as a partial or complete protrusion of the rectum or as mucosa through the anal canal, and it usually occurs in the elderly or females with multiple risk factors. An initial presentation of incarcerated RP is even rarer. ⋯ This case highlights the importance of surgical management (the modified Altemeier procedure) for a patient with an incarcerated RP. There are no specific guidelines for management of RP; all the recommendations and latest approaches are patients-based approaches according to their presentations, risk factors, age, and gender.
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Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (ExCR) programs are essential for patients diagnosed with cardiac diseases. Studies have shown that they aid in the rehabilitation process and may even facilitate a return to previous cardiorespiratory fitness. Also, patients who enroll and follow such programs have shown a lower rate of complications and mortality in the long run. ⋯ Generally, MICT is more suited for patients with a severe degradation in functional capacity and who require a higher degree of safety (e.g., elderly, with a high number of comorbidities). On the other hand, while HIIT is more demanding, it appears to offer better outcomes. Therefore, this review aimed to summarize information from different publications on both types of training regimens in ExCR and assess their utility in current clinical practice.
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Background and Objectives: The objective of the study is to determine whether there is a difference in physical therapy outcomes in patients with cervical and/or lumbar pain who have insomnia compared to patients without insomnia during a two-week period of active treatment under the conditions of routine clinical practice. Materials and Methods: The study population consisted of two groups of subjects with chronic back pain, a group with insomnia ("case") with a total of 38 subjects and a control group without insomnia ("control") with a total of 41 subjects, who filled out a set of measurement questionnaires: the McGill Pain Questionnaire and its short form (SF-MPQ), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the European Quality of Life Questionnaire of Life (Euro Qol; EQ-5D). Determination of the biomarkers of structural damage to the nervous tissue, neurofilament polypeptide (NEF-neurofilament polypeptide), neuron-specific enolase (NSE-neuron-specific enolase) and protein S100B was performed by measuring their concentrations in the blood using the ELISA method (enzyme immunosorbent assay). ⋯ During the treatment course, their serum concentrations decreased, from 36% to 95%, but for S100B, unlike NES and NEF, there was no statistically significant difference between the study groups at the end of the treatment visits. Conclusions: The results of the study have immediate scientific and practical significance because they contribute to new knowledge about the place and role of insomnia in patients with cervical and/or lumbar pain who are treated with physical medicine methods in the conditions of routine clinical practice. The treatment of insomnia should be an indispensable part of therapeutic treatment for patients with back pain.