Medicina
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Background and Objectives: Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a process in which impaired perfusion is restored by restoring blood flow and tissue recirculation. Nanomedicine uses cutting-edge technologies that emerge from interdisciplinary influences. In the literature, there are very few in vivo and in vitro studies on how cerium oxide (CeO2) affects systemic anti-inflammatory response and inflammation. ⋯ The AST, ALT, GGT, and Glucose levels are shown. Conclusions: CeO2 administered before ischemia-reperfusion reduced oxidative stress and ameliorated IR-induced damage in distant organs. We suggest that CeO2 exerts protective effects in the myocardial IR model.
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Background and Objectives: In coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) on pump, achieving optimal visualization is critical for surgical precision and safety. The use of blowers to clear the CABG anastomosis poses risks, including the formation of micro-embolic gas bubbles, which can be insidious and increase the risk of cerebral or myocardial complications. This retrospective study compares the effectiveness of the use of irrigation mist and CO2 versus a direct CO2 blower without irrigation in terms of visualization, postoperative fibrillation, and micro-embolic gas activity. ⋯ Additionally, TEE monitoring revealed lower levels of micro-embolic gas activity in the irrigation mist and CO2 group, indicating a potential reduction in gas embolization risk. Conclusions: The irrigation mist and CO2 system not only provides enhanced visualization during CABG but also significantly reduces the incidence of fibrillation during aortic de-clamping and micro-embolic gas activity. These findings suggest improved patient safety and outcomes, highlighting the irrigation mist and CO2 system as a potentially safer alternative to direct CO2 blowing in the context of myocardial revascularization.
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Background and Objectives: This study examined factors influencing the onset and progression of colorectal tumors, including patients' epidemiological data, tumor location (right-sided, left-sided, and rectal), histomorphology, perineural or intraneural invasion, lymph node status, immune reactions, mismatch repair (MMR) status, and commonly observed mutations. Our primary goal was to evaluate their predictive and prognostic value and interactions. Materials and Methods: We analyzed a retrospective cohort of 100 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma diagnosed between 2020 and 2023, using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor blocks. ⋯ Interestingly, tumor budding did not correlate with lymph node metastasis but was significantly associated with higher tumor grades. Most BRAF mutations were found in right-sided tumors, indicating a significant correlation with this localization. Conclusions: This study focuses on the diversity of colorectal cancer (CRC) by examining how genetic and histological characteristics vary based on tumor location or other tumor variables.
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Background and Objectives: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of low vision and legal blindness in adults in developed countries. Wet AMD can be successfully treated using vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors; however, dry AMD currently has no effective treatment. The purpose of this study is to analyze the efficacy of intraocular injection of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) in an AMD mouse model induced by intraperitoneal administration of sodium iodate. ⋯ Moreover, the myofibroblast invasion into the RPE cell layer was significantly reduced in the PRGF-treated group of mice. There was a tendency for better preservation of the photoreceptors in the PRGF group. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, intravitreal injection of PRGF provided significant protection against the degeneration of the photoreceptors and the RPE induced by the systemic administration of NaIO3.
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Background and Objectives: Damage to the vocal folds frequently results in fibrosis, which can degrade vocal quality due to the buildup of collagen and modifications in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Conventional treatments have shown limited success in reversing fibrotic changes. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and c-Met-targeting antibodies are promising due to their potential to inhibit fibrosis and promote regeneration. ⋯ Histological analysis showed significantly lower collagen deposition and higher HA in the c-Met group than in PBS, confirming superior anti-fibrotic effects and ECM restoration. Conclusions: c-Met agonistic antibody injections outperformed HGF in reducing fibrosis, upregulating HAS expression, and promoting HA deposition in injured vocal folds, highlighting its potential as a superior therapeutic approach for preventing fibrosis and enhancing ECM quality in vocal fold injuries. Further research on functional outcomes in larger models is recommended to validate these findings.