Medicina
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Background and Objectives: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is prevalent among obese individuals and can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Bariatric surgery is known to induce significant weight loss and may improve NAFLD. This systematic review uniquely synthesizes current evidence on the effects of bariatric surgery on intrahepatic fat content, measured by magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF), and assesses study quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). ⋯ Conclusions: Bariatric surgery leads to significant reductions in intrahepatic fat content and improvements in NAFLD among obese patients. The degree of weight loss correlates with the reduction in liver fat. These findings underscore the clinical utility of bariatric surgery as a strategic intervention for managing NAFLD in obese individuals, potentially influencing clinical practice guidelines by integrating bariatric surgery as a viable treatment option for NAFLD-related hepatic conditions.
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Background: Changes in the positions of teeth occur during orthodontic treatment due to the application of forces that cause restructuring of the periodontal tissue. In the last decade, substantial research has been conducted to detect different biomarkers in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) to obtain a better assessment of the periodontal status. Aim: The purpose of this review is to describe how the levels of certain biomarkers from the gingival fluid change during tissue remodeling throughout orthodontic treatment. ⋯ The levels of inflammatory mediators, enzymes, and metabolic products of tissue remodeling in GCF change during orthodontic treatment. Being aware of their specific role, they can provide valuable information about bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement. Conclusions: By determining the biomarkers in GCF, as an investigative method, clinicians could easily monitor the orthodontic tooth movement, and, subsequently, the treatment period could be shortened and the adverse effects associated with it could be avoided.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The Effectiveness of a Specific Exercise Program in Alleviating Work-Related Neck and Upper Back Pain and Improving Mood State in Various Occupational Populations-A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic brought significant challenges across governmental, industrial, and social systems. Additionally, numerous studies have reported a sharp increase in both mental health issues and musculoskeletal disorders worldwide. This study aimed to investigate whether a specific exercise program could alleviate neck and upper back pain symptoms and improve mood state among healthcare and office employees during the post-COVID-19 period. ⋯ Similarly, the mood state of the EGs significantly improved compared with the control groups, as measured between pre- and post-intervention sessions. Conclusions: The COVID-19 period exacerbated stress and musculoskeletal strain, particularly for workers in demanding occupational roles. To mitigate these effects, exercise programs that can be applied while at work should be implemented, as they are effective in enhancing mood and managing neck pain in employees with physical exertion.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of Manual Therapy and Home Exercise Treatment on Pain, Stress, Sleep, and Life Quality in Patients with Bruxism: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effects of manual therapy (MT) and home exercise (HE) treatments on pain, sleep quality, stress level, and quality of life in patients with bruxism. Materials and Methods: The study included 30 bruxism patients ages 18-25 years who were randomly divided into the manual therapy group (MTG) and home exercise group (HEG). Before treatment (T1), all patients were asked to fill out the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI), and Quality of Life Scale/Short Form-36 (SF-36), and additionally, the number of trigger points (NTP) and pain levels were determined. ⋯ HE is as effective as MT in terms of pain, stress quality of life. MT is more effective than HE in improving sleep quality and TMD symptoms. Both manual therapy and home exercise applications can be applied as alternative treatment methods in the treatment of bruxism.
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Background and Objectives: Resistance exercises (REs) are a type of physical activity that individuals from many age groups have been doing recreationally, both as amateurs and professionally, in their daily lives in recent years. It is crucial to understand the effects of such sports on cardiac morphology in order to maximize the benefit of training and to tailor the training content accordingly. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between training experience (TE) and left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic parameters and left atrial (LA) mechanical function in healthy subjects who regularly performed RE for different durations. ⋯ Conclusions: This study showed that diastolic parameters were adversely affected in chronic RE. Therefore, we think that these individuals may have decreased relaxation and filling functions of the heart, which may also reduce adequate oxygen and nutrient delivery to the tissues. In this context, cohort studies are needed to analyze in detail the reasons for the decrease in diastolic parameters in these individuals.