Klinická onkologie : casopis Ceské a Slovenské onkologické spolecnosti
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used quite routinely in radiotherapy treatment planning in the primary radiotherapy of prostate cancer as it provides more contrast imaging of soft tissues in the small pelvis than planning CT, thanks to which it allows more exact delineation of target volumes and thus the saving of organs at risk We tried to verify whether it is possible to use MRI by analogy in the planning of prostate bed radiotherapy. ⋯ Preliminary results suggest that clinical target volume defined with the help of MRI is shifted compared with CTV defined on planning CT. The agreement of CTV delineation by one radiation oncologist is moderate to fair and is similar to interobserver variability in the contouring of the prostate bed in the planning CT. MRI provides more contrast imaging of the anterior rectal wall, where we have confirmed the most differences in contouring. Moreover, it provides better imaging of local recurrences and seminal vesicles, where the most differences in our group of patients were seen in comparison with planning CT.
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Multicenter Study
[IKARUS Project--incidence of bone events in breast cancer: retrospective analysis of patients in oncological centres in the Czech Republic and Slovakia].
Bone incidents today represent, in terms of frequency and the overall effect on the quality of life of patients with breast cancer, a serious health problem. In a number of clinical studies bisphosphonates have been shown to have a positive impact on reducing the risk of bone events and therefore to be effective in the prevention of bone events. The primary objective of this project was to identify the incidence of bone events in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated in the Czech and Slovak Republics. ⋯ This work has shown that the practice of treatment with bisphosphonates since 2000 and assessed the survival of patients with metastatic breast cancer.
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Cancer metastasis to skeletal muscle is very rare. Lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma have been reported as the most frequent primary tumours. Diagnosis of muscle metastasis from other primary cancer sites is more than problematic. ⋯ Thus, among the different imaging techniques, FDG PET/CT enables the detection of metabolically highly active tumour cells, undetectable by other conventional imaging means.
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Multicenter Study
[Experience in data management of the clinical retrospective project in Czech and Slovak oncology centres (IKARUS Project)].
The retrospective part of the IKARUS Project (Incidence of Skeletal Related Events in Breast Cancer) was focused on monitoring the incidence of skeletal related events in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated in the Czech and Slovak Republics.The aim was to describe the experience with data collection management in the conditions of the Czech and Slovak Republics. ⋯ The binding methodical conclusion is that unless a systemic change is made in the functionality of hospital information systems and standardised electronic documentation is introduced, the retrospective collection of clinical data in our conditions will be associated with high costs and a relatively low recovery factor.
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Locally advanced breast carcinoma represents a disease, where the combination of treatment--chemotherapy with antracycline and radiotherapy--is generally accepted as standard therapy. This management can be limited by cardiotoxicity. Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication of breast cancer treatment and the incidence and severity of cardiotoxicity are dependent on cumulative dose of antracyline, the type and combination of drugs used, the presence of coexsistin diseases (cardiac diseases, diabetes mellitus), risk faktors and use, the way of radiotherapy and combination therapy in the treatment of locally advanced breast carcinoma. ⋯ The incidence of the risk of cardiotoxicity is rare event but the risk of damage to the cardiovascular system following radiotherapy and antracyclines exists, although cardiotoxic effects of both these drugs groups have been well known. The cardiotoxicity apperas in the process of the chemotherapy with doxorubicine, in combination of the chemotherapy with doxorubicine and radiotherapy, but also in longer time intervals from the beginning of the treatment (2, 3, 4, 5 and more years).