Journal of gastroenterology
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Aprepitant plus granisetron and dexamethasone for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients with gastric cancer treated with S-1 plus cisplatin.
We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a new combination antiemetic therapy comprising aprepitant, granisetron, and dexamethasone in gastric cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with cisplatin and S-1. ⋯ Addition of aprepitant to standard antiemetic therapy was effective in gastric cancer patients undergoing treatment with cisplatin and S-1.
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The role of combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH monitoring (MII-pH) in diagnosing sliding hiatal hernia in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) children remains unclear. We aimed to explore the clinical efficacy of MII-pH as a supplement diagnostic method for sliding hiatal hernia. ⋯ Ratio of reflux episodes detected by pH-probe to that by impedance probes >1 demonstrated by MII-pH study is a good screening test of sliding hiatal hernia in GERD children.
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Estimating liver parenchymal enhancement prior to gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is crucial to accurate detection and characterization of focal hepatic lesions. We aimed to clarify the factors predictive of liver enhancement in a relatively large sample of patients. ⋯ The degree of liver parenchymal enhancement after Gd-EOB-DTPA administration was correlated with liver function parameters. Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MR images require careful interpretation, particularly in patients with cirrhosis and clinical factors such as high MELD-Na score, hypoalbuminemia, or ascites.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
The results of the Tokyo trial of prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis with risperidone (Tokyo P3R): a multicenter, randomized, phase II, non-placebo-controlled trial.
A previous study suggested that ulinastatin effectively prevented post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) and hyperenzymemia (PEH) in patients at average risk. In experimental models, risperidone, a selective serotonin 2A antagonist, ameliorated acute pancreatitis. We assessed the effect of risperidone combined with ulinastatin for the prevention of PEP in high-risk patients. ⋯ Prophylactic oral risperidone administration in combination with ulinastatin did not reduce the incidence and severity of PEP in high-risk patients as compared with ulinastatin alone. However, risperidone showed an additive effect with ulinastatin, reducing serum pancreatic enzyme levels.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Efficacy and safety of eltrombopag in Japanese patients with chronic liver disease and thrombocytopenia: a randomized, open-label, phase II study.
Eltrombopag is an oral thrombopoietin receptor agonist that stimulates thrombopoiesis and shows higher exposure in East Asian patients than in non-Asian patients. We evaluated the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of eltrombopag in Japanese patients with thrombocytopenia associated with chronic liver disease (CLD). ⋯ Eltrombopag ameliorated thrombocytopenia in Japanese patients with CLD and thrombocytopenia. The recommended dose for these patients is 25 mg daily for 2 weeks.