Emergency radiology
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Emergency radiology · Oct 2011
Radiologists' performance in the diagnosis of acute intestinal ischemia, using MDCT and specific CT findings, using a variety of CT protocols.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of radiologists in the diagnosis of acute intestinal ischemia using specific multi-detector CT findings. The abdominal CT scans of 90 patients were retrospectively reviewed by three radiologists: an abdominal imaging specialist, an experienced general radiologist, and a senior resident. Forty-seven patients had surgically proven intestinal ischemia and comprised the case group, while 43 patients had no evidence of intestinal ischemia at surgery and comprised the control group. ⋯ For most of these signs, there was good inter-observer agreement. Radiologists' performance in diagnosing bowel ischemia is good, but lower than previously reported since a significant amount of cases are evaluated using a suboptimal CT technique. Radiologists' experience and expertise have an important impact on their performance.
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Emergency radiology · Oct 2011
Case ReportsLiver injury diagnosed on computed tomography after use of an automated cardiopulmonary resuscitation device.
We report a case of an 89-year-old female with active extravasation and hemoperitoneum from a liver laceration demonstrated on multidetector computed tomography (CT), attributed to the use of an automated mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) device. Although iatrogenic internal injuries related to manual CPR and CPR devices have previously been reported [1, 2], there has been no reported CT evidence of liver injury related to automated CPR devices to the authors' knowledge. Imaging findings of complications related to the use of automated CPR devices are important to recognize and also help explain the possible mechanisms of injury. Liver injuries with active bleeding following CPR may have devastating consequences related to hemodynamic instability and may have an increased incidence when CPR is performed using an automated chest compression device.
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Emergency radiology · Aug 2011
Radiological prognostic factors in patients with pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) infection requiring hospital admission.
The aim of this study was to determine the radiologic findings associated with admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in patients with pH1N1 infection. One hundred and four patients (15-96 years) with laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 infection seen at the Emergency Department from July to December 2009 who underwent chest radiographs were studied. Radiographs were evaluated for consolidation, ground-glass opacities, interstitial patterns, distribution, and extent of findings. ⋯ A higher number of lung zones involved and consolidation on the initial chest radiograph as well as a rapid progression of the radiological abnormalities were identified in patients requiring ICU admission and development of ARDS. Initial chest radiographs show acute abnormalities in all patients with severe disease. The findings of a multifocal patchy consolidation pattern with bilateral or diffuse lung involvement on admission should alert of the impending severity of disease and the risk of necessitating ICU admission.
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Emergency radiology · Aug 2011
Comparative StudyThe value of a CT scan compared to plain radiographs for the classification and treatment plan in tibial plateau fractures.
This study aimed to evaluate the intra- and interobserver agreement for both fracture classification according to Schatzker and treatment plan of tibial plateau fractures using plain radiographs alone and with computed tomography (CT) scans. The study was carried out prospectively to assess the impact of an advanced radiographic study on the agreement of treatment plan and fracture classification of tibial plateau fractures. Eight experienced observers (six surgeons and two radiologists) classified 15 tibial plateau fractures with plain radiographs and CT scans and set up a treatment plan. ⋯ The mean intraobserver kappa coefficient for treatment plan based on plain radiographs alone was 0.53, which decreased to 0.45 after addition of CT scans. In contrast with other recent publications, there is no increase in inter- and intra-agreement of a CT scan compared to plain radiographs for the classification and treatment plan in tibial plateau fractures. Routine CT scanning of the knee for tibial plateau fractures is not supported by this study.
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Emergency radiology · Aug 2011
Optimizing multidetector CT for visualization of splenic vascular injury. Validation by splenic arteriography in blunt abdominal trauma patients.
Nonoperative management of blunt splenic injury is the treatment of choice in hemodynamically stable patients. Detection of vascular injury by multidetector CT (MDCT) is the most significant factor predicting the need for endovascular treatment. This study evaluated the timing of the appearance of vascular lesions during angiography. ⋯ PSAs are more frequently seen in postcapillary vascular injuries than arterial phase lesions with the current timing of MDCT. In a subset of patients in whom splenic injury grades III and IV warrant angiography, PSAs are not initially demonstrated on MDCT. Therefore, alteration of MDCT timing parameters to better correlate with arterial phase angiography may improve initial diagnosis of vascular injury.