Journal of the American College of Surgeons
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Review Historical Article
Education, Ethics and History: The Peer Review Process in the US.
Despite the near-universal acceptance of the benefits of a sound peer review process (PRP), the topic of peer review remains a source of controversy among surgeons. The current PRP is plagued by heterogeneity across different hospital and institutional systems. These inconsistencies, combined with a perceived lack of fairness inherent to the PRP in some institutions, led to concerns among practicing surgeons. In this review of the relevant literature on the PRP, we attempted to provide some context and insight into the history of the PRP, its role, its shortcomings, its potential abuses, and some key requirements for its successful execution.
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Despite the major advances in analgesic techniques, pain relief in coughing after abdominal surgery remains challenging. Cough-related pain causes postoperative respiratory complications by impairing sputum clearance; nevertheless, an effective technique to abolish it is not yet available. We devised the bilateral flank compression (BFC) maneuver, in which the flanks are compressed medially using both hands. We conducted a prospective, single-center, single arm, nonrandomized, open-label, interventional trial, to investigate whether the BFC maneuver relieves cough-related pain after abdominal surgery and examined the efficacy of this maneuver in relation to patient characteristics and surgical factors. ⋯ The BFC maneuver relieves cough-related pain after abdominal surgery and may help prevent of postoperative pulmonary complications.