Neurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society
-
Neurogastroenterol. Motil. · Feb 2012
Neuroanatomical evidence demonstrating the existence of the vagal anti-inflammatory reflex in the intestine.
The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway is proposed to be part of the so-called vago-vagal 'inflammatory reflex'. The aim of this study is to provide neuro-anatomical evidence to support the existence of a functional neuronal circuit and its activation in response to intestinal inflammation. ⋯ Our data demonstrate that intestinal inflammation triggers a vagally mediated circuit leading mainly to activation of vagal motor neurons connected to the inflamed intestine. These findings for the first time provide neuro-anatomical evidence for the existence of the endogenous 'inflammatory reflex' and its activation during inflammation.
-
Neurogastroenterol. Motil. · Feb 2012
Assessment of gastric motor function in childhood functional dyspepsia and obesity.
The aim was to compare gastric emptying rate and nutrient tolerance during a satiety drinking test in children with functional dyspepsia (FD) and obesity and to study the relationship between daily caloric intake and the satiety drinking test. ⋯ The satiety drinking test is a potentially useful non-invasive tool in the investigation of children with FD and obesity.
-
Neurogastroenterol. Motil. · Dec 2011
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEfficacy of ramosetron in the treatment of male patients with irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea: a multicenter, randomized clinical trial, compared with mebeverine.
The 5-HT(3) receptor antagonists are known to be effective for the treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but not widely used yet. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of ramosetron, a 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist, and mebeverine in male patients with IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D). ⋯ Ramosetron 5μg once daily is as effective as mebeverine three times daily in male patients with IBS-D.
-
Neurogastroenterol. Motil. · Nov 2011
Association of bile acid receptor TGR5 variation and transit in health and lower functional gastrointestinal disorders.
The membrane bound bile acid (BA) receptor, TGR5, is located on myenteric, cholinergic and nitrergic neurons in colon and proximal small intestine. Our aim was to assess the association of genetic variation in TGR5 and small bowel transit (SBT) and colonic transit. ⋯ Variation in TGR5 may contribute to altered SBT and colonic transit in lower FGID. Further studies are required to characterize the potential role of BA receptor, TGR5, in the mechanism and treatment of bowel dysfunction in lower FGID.
-
Neurogastroenterol. Motil. · Oct 2011
ReviewDevelopment of pharyngo-esophageal physiology during swallowing in the preterm infant.
Poor feeding is a common cause of prolonged hospitalization of preterm infants. Pharyngeal and upper esophageal sphincter (UES) function of preterm infants has been technically difficult to assess and is therefore poorly characterized. The aim of this study was to assess the development of pharyngeal motility, UES function, and their coordination during nutritive swallowing in preterm infants. ⋯ Results show developmental changes in infant swallow physiology that can be clearly linked to the effectiveness of nutritive swallowing. Most preterm infants demonstrated poor pharyngeal pressures at the laryngeal inlet coupled with poor coordination of pharyngeal propulsion with UES relaxation. These pressure patterns were less efficient than those demonstrated by older infants who were more adept at feeding. These observations may explain why infants under 34 weeks are physiologically unable to feed effectively and experience frequent choking and fatigue during feeding.