Neurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society
-
Neurogastroenterol. Motil. · Dec 2018
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyDose-finding study of linaclotide in Japanese patients with chronic constipation: A phase II randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study.
Based on the previous phase II/III studies of irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) in Japan that demonstrated the efficacy and safety of linaclotide 0.5 mg/d, we evaluated linaclotide at doses of 0.5 mg/d and lower in the treatment of Japanese patients with chronic constipation (CC). ⋯ Our results suggest that 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/d are effective doses of linaclotide for treating CC in Japanese patients. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02425722, supported by Astellas Pharma, Inc.
-
Neurogastroenterol. Motil. · Oct 2018
Electroacupuncture via chronically implanted electrodes improves gastric dysmotility mediated by autonomic-cholinergic mechanisms in a rodent model of functional dyspepsia.
Electroacupuncture (EA) has been shown to be effective in reducing symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD). However, its mechanisms remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate mechanisms of the prokinetic effects of EA in a rodent model of FD. ⋯ Gastric motility (GSW and GE) is impaired in rats treated with IA, possibly attributed to impaired autonomic functions. EA improves GSW and accelerates GE mediated via the autonomic and cholinergic mechanisms.
-
Neurogastroenterol. Motil. · Sep 2018
Quantifying Rome symptoms for diagnosis of the irritable bowel syndrome.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder, diagnosed on symptom-based criteria. Many have reported discrepancies between formal Rome criteria and diagnoses made in clinical practice. The aim of the study was to explore whether a quantitative version of the Rome criteria would better represent a clinical diagnosis of IBS than the current dichotomous criteria for symptom measure. ⋯ Irritable bowel syndrome appears to be a spectrum disorder. Quantifying individual symptoms of Rome criteria has greater utility than the current application in representing the degree of IBS affectedness and appears to better reflect a clinical diagnosis of IBS applied by physicians. The use of a quantitative diagnostic Rome "score" may be helpful in clinical practice and research studies to better reflect the degree an individual is affected with IBS.
-
Neurogastroenterol. Motil. · Jun 2018
ReviewMicrobiota-gut-brain axis: Interaction of gut microbes and their metabolites with host epithelial barriers.
The gastrointestinal barrier and the blood brain barrier represent an important line of defense to protect the underlying structures against harmful external stimuli. These host barriers are composed of epithelial and endothelial cells interconnected by tight junction proteins along with several other supporting structures. ⋯ In the current issue of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, Marungruang et al. describe the effect of gastrointestinal barrier maturation on gut microbiota and the blood brain barrier adding to the growing evidence of microbiota-barrier interactions. In this mini-review I will discuss the effect of gut microbiota on host epithelial barriers and its implications for diseases associated with disrupted gut-brain axis.
-
Neurogastroenterol. Motil. · May 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialDetermining an optimal dose of linaclotide for use in Japanese patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation: A phase II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Clinical testing to determine a suitable dose of linaclotide for Japanese patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) was needed. ⋯ This study suggests that a linaclotide dose of 0.5 mg may be appropriate in Japanese patients with IBS-C.