Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
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Review
Hearing preservation after stereotactic radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma: a systematic review.
Radiosurgery has evolved into an effective alternative to microsurgical resection in the treatment of patients with vestibular schwannoma. We performed a systematic analysis of the literature in English on the radiosurgical treatment of vestibular schwannoma patients. A total of 254 published studies reported assessable and quantifiable outcome data of patients undergoing radiosurgery for vestibular schwannomas. ⋯ Age of the patient was not a significant prognostic factor for hearing preservation rates (<65 years=58% vs. >65 years=62%; p=0.4317). The average overall follow-up was 41.2 months. Our data suggest that an overall hearing preservation rate of about 57% can be expected after radiosurgical treatment, and patients treated with 12.5 Gy were more likely to have preserved hearing.
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Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is an effective treatment for patients with medically refractory Parkinson's disease (PD). The degree to which the anatomic location of the DBS electrode tip determines the improvement of contralateral limb movement function has not been defined. This retrospective study was performed to address this issue. ⋯ Two-tailed t-tests revealed no significant difference in electrode tip location between the two groups in three-dimensional distance (p=0.759), lateral-medial (x) axis (p=0.983), anterior-posterior (y) axis (p=0.949) or superior-inferior (z) axis (p=0.894) from the intended anatomical target. The range of difference in tip location and limb scores was extensive. Our results suggest that anatomic targeting alone may provide the same clinical efficacy as is achieved by "fine-tuning" DBS placement with microelectrode recording to a specific target.
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Case Reports
Immediate postoperative death due to hypothalamic injury following surgery for craniopharyngioma.
Autonomic disturbances due to hypothalamic injury that result in postoperative death are rare complications following surgery for craniopharyngioma. We discuss the case of a child who died due to hypothalamic injury following radical excision of a multi-compartmental craniopharyngioma. Mechanisms and clinical manifestations of hypothalamic injury and ways to avoid this fatal complication are discussed.
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Temozolomide (TMZ) is an alkylating agent used in the management of gliomas. Although TMZ is generally safe and acute toxicity is well documented, there are limited data on long-term toxicities. ⋯ So far they have had no serious side effects. We discuss these patients while raising the question of prolonged TMZ use.
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We report on the use and follow-up of direct peripheral nerve stimulation of the median nerve for the treatment of iatrogenic complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). A 56-year-old woman presented with CRPS type II in the right forearm and hand, which had started after multiple carpal tunnel surgeries and had lasted for 2 years. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score was 8-10 out of 10. ⋯ The VAS score decreased to 1-2 out of 10 and the patient regained the ability to sleep. After 36 months of follow-up, the patient was still experiencing good pain relief without other treatment. We conclude that peripheral nerve stimulation is easy to use in pain management and could offer a valid treatment option for iatrogenic CRPS type II.