Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
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As a traditional Chinese herbal formula, Shengui Sansheng San (SSS) has been employed for stroke treatment more than 300 years. ⋯ Our study firstly demonstrates that SSS extraction is an angiogenic switch. Due to suppressed VEGFR2/Notch1 cascades and activated AKT/mTOR and ERK1/2 signals in BMECs, a feedback loop of angiogenic homeostasis is established. Furthermore, the comprehensive mediations of SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis, AKT/mTOR/HIF-α, ERK1/2 and Notch1 pathways in penumbra contribute to the improvements of neurological function, survival rate and infarct volume post-stroke.
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The European Union (EU) has created a regulatory framework for herbal medicinal products (HMPs) since the enforcement of Directive 2004/24/EC. Substantial achievements have been made, with 1719 traditional use marketing registrations (TURs) and 859 well-established use marketing authorizations (WEU-MAs) for HMPs granted by the end of 2016. Apparently, the European regulation model has worked out well and in that the essential feature is the use of EU herbal monographs into those granted WEU-MAs and TURs. ⋯ The European framework has provided a powerful regulation model for harmonization of scientific assessment and facilitation of product marketing. For the pharmaceutical industries particularly those outside the EU, optimal use of the EU herbal monograph in their marketing procedure in Europe could be of great benefit. Furthermore, this model is well worth learning from for other countries and regions outside the EU to help the establishment of legislation in countries with strong traditional use of herbal remedies and contribute to the safe use of traditional herbal medicine.
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Clinopodium chinense (Benth.) O. Ktze is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, which comprises the plant's total flavonoids. TFCC plays an important role in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. ⋯ TFCC protects against myocardial injury and enhances cellular antioxidant defense capacity by inducing the phosphorylation of AKT, which subsequently activated the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Mistletoe extract of Visucm album extract (VAE) contains many biologically active components and has been reported to be not only a complementary and alternative medicine, but also a potent therapeutic agent for many types of cancer. ⋯ Taken together, our data provide that VAE targets Axl to suppress cell proliferation and to circumvent cisplatin- and erlotinib-resistance in NSCLC cells.
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Tilianin has been demonstrated to exert protective effects on the heart against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, yet whether it is beneficial to the mitochondria during myocardial I/R is unclear. ⋯ In conclusion, the study suggests that Tilianin may be of clinical value for the protective effects of cardiomyocytes and mitochondria by inhibiting myocardium energy metabolism and apoptosis during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI).