JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Nov 2018
Case ReportsDiffuse Alveolar Haemorrhage as Initial Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report.
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage results from accumulation of red blood cells in the alveolar space originating from alveolar capillaries. Alveolar hemorrhage in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is rare but catastrophic and can rapidly progress to respiratory failure. We report a 22-year old lady who presented with dyspnoea on exertion, hemoptysis, bilateral leg swelling and oliguria. ⋯ She was treated with systemic immunosuppressive therapy and plasma exchange, to which she had a favourable response. Lupus presenting as alveolar hemorrhage is rare which warrants prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications. Keywords: Bronchoalveolar lavage; Case report; Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage; Systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Labour is the process where uterine contractions lead to expulsion of product of conception through the vagina into the outer world. Labour pain is one of the most severe pains which has ever been evaluated and its fear is one of the reasons women wouldn't go for natural delivery. Delivery is a painful experience for all of the women except a few of them. The labor pain results from some physiological-psychological causes. Different pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods have been tried for pain relief in labour. The objective of this study is to see the effect of butorphanol injection in labour pain. ⋯ Butorphanol is an effective labour analgesia without significant adverse effects on women and the neonatal outcome.
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Gram negative bacilli are the important causes of common clinical infections. Carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae are considered as important public health threat and is classified as urgent by the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention because of their progressive geographic dissemination and limited therapeutic alternatives. This study was done to find out the resistance pattern of Carbapenem among Enterobacteriaceae. ⋯ Among Enterobacteriaceae, around one-third of the bacterial isolates were Carbapenem resistant. However, to reduce drug resistance antimicrobial stewardship programme and proper infection control measures is required.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Nov 2018
Accuracy of Visual Tests for Primary Cervical Cancer Screening in Rural Nepal.
In Nepal, cervical cancer is the most common female cancer. Unfortunately, there is no uniform effective screening system available all around the country. The objective of this study is to evaluate the cytology, Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid and with Lugol's Iodine alone or in combination to detect a pre-cancerous lesion in rural Nepal. ⋯ Cervical cancer screening by co-testing 'Either positive VIA or VILI' is more useful than cytology; VIA and or VILI are easy, safe, feasible and well-accepted tests in a low resource setting, Nepal.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Nov 2018
Prevalence of Color Blindness in Undergraduates of Kathmandu University.
Color blindness is X-linked recessive inherited disorder that occurs mostly in males and is transmitted through females. Many people with color blindness may remain undetected. Thus the present study aims to evaluate the incidence of color blindness among undergraduates of Kathmandu University. ⋯ Prevalence of color blindness is found to be higher in males than females. Total color blindness is the most prevalent in our study. Screening enables the students to become aware of limitations and devise ways of overcoming them.