JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Oct 2022
Blindness among Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus Presenting to the Outpatient Department of Ophthalmology of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Diabetic retinopathy is a major microvascular complication of diabetes, and may progress to sight-threatening stages causing blindness with a consequent decrease in their quality of life. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of blindness among patients with type II diabetes mellitus attending the Outpatient Department of Ophthalmology of a tertiary care hospital. ⋯ blindness; diabetic retinopathy; prevalence.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Oct 2022
Dental Caries among Adult Population of a Municipality: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Oral disease as a public health problem poses a serious burden globally. The most common oral disease affecting adults is dental caries followed by periodontal disease leading to tooth loss. Early detection of dental caries can help reduce the severity and prevent further complications. This study aimed to ind out the prevalence of dental caries among adult population of a municipality. ⋯ cross-sectional study; dental decay; prevalence.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Oct 2022
Case ReportsMethemoglobinemia due to Hemolysis Secondary to Infection in a Child: A Case Report.
Methemoglobinemia is a rare condition characterised by hypoxic state manifesting as headache, nausea, fatigue, and confusion. We report a 2-year-old boy presenting with fever and cough for 7 days with an episode of hypoxia as the saturation declined and did not improve on face mask oxygenation. On further evaluation, acute intravascular hemolysis was established following decreased haemoglobin level, increased levels of lactate dehydrogenase, and unconjugated bilirubin in the setting of documented infection. Assessment of arterial blood gas showed a significantly raised saturation gap and detection of methemoglobin confirmed the diagnosis. He was managed conservatively with packed red blood cells transfusion following which hypoxia was corrected. Methemoglobinemia as a result of hemolysis can be a non-cardio-respiratory cause of hypoxia and inciting aetiology needs to be addressed. ⋯ case reports; hemolysis; hypoxia; infection; methemoglobinemia.
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From the beginning of day one in medical school, students are always looking for ways to do something practical and skilled based instead of just reading a textbook. Having said that, learning a skill to save a life is the most fascinating thing. Although as a student, they may not have to attend to the patient, they could be present in accidents outside of the hospital, where they should be able to perform the necessary actions to save a life. After attending the training, one becomes somewhat confident that they can take control of the situation because they will know what to do until the emergency services arrive. ⋯ cardiac arrest; cardiopulmonary resuscitation; life; medical students; workshops.