JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Nov 2021
Perinatal Mortality among All Deliveries in a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Perinatal mortality comprises the number of stillbirths and death of newborns within seven days of life which is the main contributor to infant and maternal mortality. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of perinatal mortality among all the deliveries in a tertiary care center of a remote part of Nepal. ⋯ The perinatal mortality was quite high in this study with respect to similar studies done in other countries. The finding of this study showed that quality antenatal care with rural ultrasound service is essential to reduce the causes of perinatal mortality.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Nov 2021
Robson's Group 2 Criteria among Total Caesarean Sections in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Globally, there is a dramatic rise in cesarean section rate which has increased the maternal morbidity and adverse effects in a subsequent pregnancy. Robson's classification will aid in the optimization of the cesarean section use, assessment of the strategies aimed to decrease the cesarean section rate and thus improve the clinical practices and quality of care in various health care facilities. The main aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of caesarean section for Robson's group 2 among total caesarean sections done in a tertiary care hospital. ⋯ This study showed that the prevalence of caesarean section which lies in Robson's group 2 in our study is higher than the standard of World Health Organization. It showed that Robson's group 2 was one of the significant contributors to the greater caesarean section rate. Improved case selection, standardization, and protocol for induction of labour as well as regular audit could also reduce caesarean section rates.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Nov 2021
Case ReportsActinomycosis of Gallbladder in Cholecystectomy Specimen: A Case Report.
Actinomyces are a part of the normal flora of the cervicofacial region, gastrointestinal tract, and urogenital tract, but can cause infections when the normal mucosal barrier is lost. Herein, we report a rare case of actinomycosis of the gallbladder in a 60-years-old-female. The patient presented with right hypochondrium pain since three months; ultrasonography showed cholelithiasis with thick oedematous wall. ⋯ Histological examination revealed an inflamed gallbladder with colonies of radiating filamentous structures having numerous sulphur granules which on gram staining showed filamentous gram-positive rods. The diagnosis of Actinomycosis of gallbladder was made. After cholecystectomy, prolonged antimicrobial therapy is recommended for patient with actinomycosis to prevent recurrence and even mortality.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Nov 2021
Abnormal Ultrasonographic Findings among Referred Patients with Pain Abdomen in the Radiology Department of a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Correct and prompt diagnosis is essential for the appropriate management of patients. Often, children and their caretakers cannot provide a reliable history to allow clinicians to determine the cause of the pain. This study's objective was to find out the prevalence of abnormal ultrasonographic findings among referred patients with pain abdomen in the radiology department of a tertiary care center of Nepal. ⋯ Most of the cases of pain abdomen showed abnormalities in ultrasound. Clinical evaluation should be used together with ultrasound abdomen in order to arrive at a correct diagnosis.
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Tobacco and its various forms cause major oral health problems. Tobacco either in smoked or smokeless forms is prevalent in Nepal and counts as a risk factor for the causation of various red and white lesions, premalignant lesions, oral cancers, gingival and periodontal diseases. Tobacco in conjunction with other risk factors adds a potential threat to oral diseases and its timely control is a cure to those threats. This article focuses on tobacco and its forms affecting oral health and also focuses on its prevention and control from the ground to the National level.