JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Nov 2018
Comparative StudyEvaluation of Morphological Variations of External Ear between the Nepalese and Indian Students of A Medical College.
The external ear is made up of the elastic cartilage. It is considered constant from the birth till death. Therefore, it's morphological variation plays important role in forensic medicine. The objective of this study was to identify this morphological variation among different nationality and the gender. ⋯ The morphology of the external ear varies with each individual. However, it shows it couldn't differentiate their nationalities and gender.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Nov 2018
Case ReportsDiffuse Alveolar Haemorrhage as Initial Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report.
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage results from accumulation of red blood cells in the alveolar space originating from alveolar capillaries. Alveolar hemorrhage in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is rare but catastrophic and can rapidly progress to respiratory failure. We report a 22-year old lady who presented with dyspnoea on exertion, hemoptysis, bilateral leg swelling and oliguria. ⋯ She was treated with systemic immunosuppressive therapy and plasma exchange, to which she had a favourable response. Lupus presenting as alveolar hemorrhage is rare which warrants prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications. Keywords: Bronchoalveolar lavage; Case report; Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage; Systemic lupus erythematosus.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Nov 2018
Accuracy of Visual Tests for Primary Cervical Cancer Screening in Rural Nepal.
In Nepal, cervical cancer is the most common female cancer. Unfortunately, there is no uniform effective screening system available all around the country. The objective of this study is to evaluate the cytology, Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid and with Lugol's Iodine alone or in combination to detect a pre-cancerous lesion in rural Nepal. ⋯ Cervical cancer screening by co-testing 'Either positive VIA or VILI' is more useful than cytology; VIA and or VILI are easy, safe, feasible and well-accepted tests in a low resource setting, Nepal.
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Labour is the process where uterine contractions lead to expulsion of product of conception through the vagina into the outer world. Labour pain is one of the most severe pains which has ever been evaluated and its fear is one of the reasons women wouldn't go for natural delivery. Delivery is a painful experience for all of the women except a few of them. The labor pain results from some physiological-psychological causes. Different pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods have been tried for pain relief in labour. The objective of this study is to see the effect of butorphanol injection in labour pain. ⋯ Butorphanol is an effective labour analgesia without significant adverse effects on women and the neonatal outcome.
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Gram negative bacilli are the important causes of common clinical infections. Carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae are considered as important public health threat and is classified as urgent by the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention because of their progressive geographic dissemination and limited therapeutic alternatives. This study was done to find out the resistance pattern of Carbapenem among Enterobacteriaceae. ⋯ Among Enterobacteriaceae, around one-third of the bacterial isolates were Carbapenem resistant. However, to reduce drug resistance antimicrobial stewardship programme and proper infection control measures is required.