JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Jan 2023
Multimorbidity in Diabetic Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Multimorbidity is defined as the co-occurrence of two or more chronic conditions in the same individual. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus rarely occurs without coexisting diseases. With an increasing elder population and longevity, elder adults have a higher prevalence of chronic morbidity, thus increasing the chances of experiencing more than one non-communicable chronic condition, where the impact of multimorbidity is greater than the cumulative effect of the single condition. The study aimed to find out the prevalence of multimorbidity in diabetic patients admitted to a tertiary care centre. ⋯ co-morbidity; diabetes mellitus; multimorbidity; osteoarthritis.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Jan 2023
Appendicitis among Patients Admitted to the Department of Surgery of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
The prevalence of appendicitis is widespread among both adult and pediatric populations. Despite being so common, its diagnosis remains difficult. Initially, acute appendicitis is managed conservatively. To reduce morbidity and mortality, surgery must be performed promptly. The main objective of the study is to find out the prevalence of appendicitis among patients admitted to the department of surgery of a tertiary care centre. ⋯ appendectomy; appendicitis; prevalence; surgery.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Jan 2023
Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Tonsillar Hypertrophy: An Unexplored Enigma.
Tonsillar or adenoid hypertrophy is a common childhood finding which can cause significant health problems like respiratory infections and sleep apnea. Though normal growth of children is also attributed to such enlargement, infection, environmental pollutants, allergens, and gastroesophageal reflux are proposed triggering factors for tonsillar hypertrophy. While tonsilar enlargement in adults is more associated with malignancy and chronic infections like the human immunodeficiency virus, the immunology of childhood adenotonsillar hypertrophy is less understood. We postulate that upon stimulation, mesenchymal stem cells are found to reduce the secretion of interferon-gamma but increase the secretion of interleukin-4 from activated T cells. Both of these factors inhibit apoptosis in the tonsillar tissue leading to its hypertrophy. Under the umbrella of evidence, it implicates the role of mesenchymal stem cells in tonsillar hypertrophy. However, further longitudinal large studies are needed to validate the proposition. ⋯ interleukin-4; mesenchymal stem cell; tonsillar hypertrophy.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Jan 2023
Abnormal Anatomic Variation of Pancreaticobiliary Union in Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography Department of Radiology and Imaging in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
The knowledge of the variations of the abnormal anatomy of pancreaticobiliary union is of great importance for understanding various pathologies of the biliary tract, gall bladder, and pancreas as well as to avoid surgical complications and morbidity which may arise from pancreaticobiliary maljunction. Moreover, it helps in the early diagnosis and preventive treatment of pancreaticobiliary disease. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of abnormal anatomic variations of the pancreaticobiliary union in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography examinations. ⋯ common bile duct; main pancreatic duct; magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Jan 2023
Case ReportsUpper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Induced by Gastric Ulcer Secondary to Strongyloidiasis: A Case Report.
Strongyloidiasis, a parasitic infestation by Strongyloides stercoralis, involves the gastrointestinal tract with a spectrum from duodenitis to enterocolitis. However, gastric involvement with the manifestation of upper gastrointestinal bleeding is an extremely rare condition due to Strongyloides stercoralis. Due to irregular excretion of larvae, unclear symptoms, paucity of effective diagnostic tools and low parasitic load, makes clinicians difficult to reach the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis. Here, we present a case of upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to a large gastric ulcer whose aetiology was identified to be Strongyloides stercoralis infection of the gastric region by the diagnosis of exclusion. ⋯ gastric ulcer; gastrointestinal haemorrhage; Strongyloides stercoralis; strongyloidiasis.