Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
-
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr · Jan 2014
Observational StudyPerformance of nutritional screening tools in predicting poor six-month outcome in hospitalised older patients.
Malnutrition is a major problem in hospitalised older people. Many nutrition screening tools are available for malnutrition identification, however little is known about their prognostic ability. This prospective, observational study investigated the prognostic value of three nutritional screening tools in a Geriatric Evaluation and Management Unit: the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and the Mini Nutritional Assessment short form (MNA-SF), incorporating either body mass index or calf circumference. ⋯ All screening tools lacked discriminative power for outcome prediction. The MNA and GNRI were useful clinical predictors of poor six-month outcome, although their accuracy of prediction was low. Nutritional screening remains a priority in the routine assessment of hospitalised older people.
-
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr · Jan 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialThe impact of soluble dietary fibre on gastric emptying, postprandial blood glucose and insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Dietary fibre plays an important role in controlling postprandial glycemic and insulin response in diabetic patients. The intake of dietary fibre has been shown to delay the gastric emptying in healthy subjects. The relationship between gastric emptying and postprandial blood glucose in diabetic patients with fibre-load liquids needs to be investigated. ⋯ Postprandial glucose (r=-0.547, p=0.047) and insulin (r=-0.566, p=0.004) were negatively correlated with distal emptying of SDF in DM subjects. Distal gastric emptying was delayed significantly in DM subjects with HbA1c levels ≥6.5% (p=0.021) or with complications (p=0.011) by SDF, respectively. SDF improved postprandial glycaemia which was related to slowing of gastric emptying.
-
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr · Jan 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialFast-track improves post-operative nutrition and outcomes of colorectal surgery: a single-center prospective trial in China.
Fast-track (FT) has been shown to enhance post-operative recovery. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of FT and traditional nutrition on post-operative rehabilitation, as well as evaluate the feasibility of applying FT in nutrition management of colorectal surgery. A prospective and randomized controlled trial was performed. ⋯ The complication incidence was significantly lower in the FT group than in the traditional group (p<0.05). In particular, the occurrence rate of anastomotic leakage was higher in the traditional group than in the FT group (0.5% vs 2.8%, p<0.05). Taken together, these data suggest that FT management can improve the nutritional condition and outcomes of colorectal surgical patients.
-
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr · Jan 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialIntra-operative administration of low-dose IV glucose attenuates post-operative insulin resistance.
Insulin sensitivity often decreases after surgery in spite of normal insulin secretion, and may worsen the outcome. This post-operative insulin resistance increases according to the magnitude of surgical invasion. However, supplementation of carbohydrates before surgery attenuates the post-operative insulin resistance. This study aimed to investigate the effect of intra-operative administration of low-dose glucose on the post-operative insulin resistance. ⋯ Intra-operative small-dose of glucose administration may suppress ketogenesis and attenuate the post-operative insulin resistance without causing hyperglycemia.
-
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr · Jan 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effects of intravenous, enteral and combined administration of glutamine on malnutrition in sepsis: a randomized clinical trial.
Our aim was to compare the effects of intravenous, enteral, and enteral plus intravenous supplemented glutamine on plasma transferrin, nitrogen balance, and creatinine/height index in septic patients with malnutrition. Blood and urine samples were collected for transferrin, urea and creatinine measurements. Samples, SOFA score and protein-calorie intake values were repeated on days 7 and 15. ⋯ Protein-calorie intake in group IV was higher than others on day 7 (p<0.05). SOFA scores of group IV were higher than the other groups on day 15 (p<0.05). This study demonstrated, that combined route of gln supplementation resulted in the most positive outcome to transferrin, creatine/height index and nitrogen balance (on days 7 and 15) during the catabolic phase of septic patients with malnutrition.