European journal of emergency medicine : official journal of the European Society for Emergency Medicine
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
The prediction of 24-h mortality by the respiratory rate and oxygenation index compared with National Early Warning Score in emergency department patients: an observational study.
The ROX index combines respiratory rate and oxygenation to predict the response to oxygen therapy in pneumonia. It is calculated by dividing the patient's oxygen saturation, by the inspired oxygen concentration, and then by the respiratory rate (e.g. 95%/0.21/16 = 28). Since this index includes the most essential physiological variables to detect deterioration, it may be a helpful risk tool in the emergency department (ED). Although small studies suggest it can predict early mortality, no large study has compared it with the National Early Warning Score (NEWS), the most widely validated risk score for death within 24 h. ⋯ The prediction of 24-h mortality by the ROX index is more accurate than NEWS for most patients likely to be encountered in the ED. ROX may be used as a first screening tool in the ED.
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Acute heart failure (AHF) is one of the main causes of unplanned hospitalization in patients >65 years of age and is associated with adverse outcomes in this population. Observational studies suggest that intravenous diuretic therapy given in the first hour of presentation for AHF was associated with favorable outcomes. ⋯ Door-to-furosemide ≤1 h was associated with a lower short-term risk of heart failure hospitalizations or cardiovascular death in AHF patients. Our findings add to the existing evidence that early identification and intravenous diuretic therapy of AHF patients may improve outcomes.
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Observational Study
Emergency medical service utilization and timely treatment among acute ischemic stroke patients in Beijing from 2018 to 2021.
Activation of emergency medical services (EMS) is recommended for timely reperfusion therapy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The association of EMS utilization and time intervals from hospital arrival to a series of necessary procedures before reperfusion therapy was rarely investigated. ⋯ In this observational study, the use of EMS for patient with AIS was associated with a shorter time from hospital arrival to intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular therapy.