Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi
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Physical and emotional violence against adolescents is a neglected, but growing problem globally. Violence against adolescents negatively affects the victim in terms of physical health, school attendance and performance and social adjustment. The literature on the prevalence and associated factors of bullying against adolescents is sparse in southern Africa outside South Africa. Such data are even sparser for Malawi. The current study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of self-reported bullying and its personal and social correlates. ⋯ Malawian in-school adolescents report a high prevalence of having been bullied. Traditional associated factors such alcohol and smoking as well as emotional correlates (loneliness, worry) were associated with being a victim of bullying. School officials and health workers caring for adolescents should be sensitized to the frequent occurrence of bullying and to its correlates and consequences.
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Performing safe and effective regional anaesthesia for ophthalmic surgery is an important skill for anaesthetic and ophthalmologic practitioners. Akinetic sharp-needle blocks are generally safe but rare, sight and life threatening complications occur. Sub-Tenon's block using a blunt canula provides akinesa and is a safer alternative but serious complications have been reported. This review provides an introduction to the relevant anatomy, local anaesthetic drugs and commonly used techniques and a practical guide to their safe performance.
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Correlation is a statistical method used to assess a possible linear association between two continuous variables. It is simple both to calculate and to interpret. ⋯ Examples of the applications of the correlation coefficient have been provided using data from statistical simulations as well as real data. Rule of thumb for interpreting size of a correlation coefficient has been provided.
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Biography Historical Article
Thengo Kavinya talks to Dr Felix Kauye on his career in mental health. Interview by Thengo Kavinya.
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Childbirth information received by mothers during antenatal period influences their satisfaction with the care during perinatal period. It is important for the midwives to know the type of information that satisfies their clients. This study found that the childbirth information that mothers received during antenatal period did not satisfy them. On the other hand, although some of the information received at home was useful, some information had potential to cause fear, anxiety and ill health on the mothers. The information needs of the clients were taken into account when designing a childbirth program for Malawi. ⋯ The education program should address self-care during pregnancy, nutrition during pregnancy, common discomforts of pregnancy, danger signs of pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases and preparation for delivery. The program should also address the labor process, possible complications during labor and birth, caesarean birth and non pharmaceutical pain relief measures in labor. It was also evident that the program should deal with self-care during postnatal period, exclusive breast feeding, care of the newborn baby, danger signs of puerperium, care of the newborn baby and family planning.