Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research
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Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. The ability to predict whether a carcinoma would exhibit invasive ability in patients with PTC is important and has clinical implications for the selection of therapeutic strategies. ⋯ We performed customized 48-gene deep exon sequencing in samples obtained from 88 patients with PTC via fine needle aspiration; the results revealed that no genetic changes were specifically associated with the tumor aggressiveness phenotype. Our results indicate that genetic mutations do not cause indolent PTCs to become invasive.
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Obesity has recently been mentioned as a metabolic pandemic in developed and developing countries and is an important known risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The main mechanism responsible for obesity is insulin resistance. Adropin is a peptide-structured regulatory hormone that is suggested to play a role in insulin resistance and metabolic regulation. ⋯ Serum adropin concentrations were negatively correlated with BMI, WC, diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, and insulin. Serum adropin concentrations were low in obese patients and the optimum cut-off point for adropin to indicate HOMA-IR at 2.5 is 216.7 ng/L. The findings suggest that serum adropin may contribute to the regulation of glycolipid metabolism and insulin resistance in obese patients.
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Observational Study
Hyperbaric oxygen treatment impacts oxidative stress markers in patients with necrotizing soft-tissue infection.
Necrotizing soft-tissue infection (NSTI) is a rare, severe, and fast-progressing bacterial infection associated with a high risk of developing sepsis or septic shock. Increasing evidence indicates that oxidative stress is crucial in the development and progression of sepsis, but its role in NSTI specifically has not been investigated. Some patients with NSTI receive hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) treatment as the restoration of oxidative stress balance is considered an important mechanism of action, which HBO2 facilitates. ⋯ All markers were significantly higher in patients presenting with septic shock compared to patients without shock, and all markers correlated with disease severity. High baseline SOD was associated with 90-day mortality. In conclusion, HBO2 treatment was associated with an increase in MPO and SOD in patients with NSTI, and oxidative stress was more pronounced in patients with septic shock.
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This study aimed to assess the effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) of chronic periodontitis on insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, and serum C reactive protein (CRP) level in individuals without diabetes. Twenty individuals without diabetes with chronic periodontitis underwent NSPT, which consisted of complete scaling, polishing, root planing, and irrigation of the periodontal pockets with a 10% povidone-iodine solution. Periodontal indices (plaque index, gingival bleeding index, pocket depth, and clinical attachment loss), insulin sensitivity using the Short Insulin Tolerance Test index (KITT), glucose tolerance derived from oral glucose tolerance test, and serum CRP level were measured before and 3 months after the intervention. ⋯ There was a trend toward improvement in glucose tolerance, although not statistically significant after the intervention. This study suggests that NSPT of chronic periodontitis in individuals without diabetes is associated with increased insulin sensitivity and decreased serum CRP levels. Trial registration number NCT02830113.