Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of simultaneous bilateral intra-articular injection (IAI) of methylprednisolone acetate (MPA) on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in patients with knee osteoarthritis. ⋯ Secondary adrenal insufficiency was very common following simultaneous bilateral IAI of 80 mg of MPA. Although it was transient, SAI could still be observed nearly 2 months after the IAI, in 10% of the patients.
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Physical exercise intervention is known to be crucial in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to evaluate, in patients with T2DM, the effect of regular moderate walking exercise on markers of oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, and inflammation. ⋯ In the patients with T2DM, the practice of moderate walking in a regular basis was sufficient to reduce chemerin levels, which suggests that practice of regular physical exercise should be encouraged.
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The objective of this study was to determine if tobacco smoke (TS), a risk factor for cancers of the aerodigestive tract, may contribute to oral carcinogenesis, in part, by suppressing local immunity. ⋯ Immunologic changes induced in the oral cavity by exposure to TS may play a role in the development of oral cancers.
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High triglyceride (TG) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) impart risk for heart disease. This study examines the relationships of TG/HDL-C ratio to mortality from all causes, coronary heart disease (CHD), or cardiovascular disease (CVD). ⋯ Triglyceride/HDL-C ratio predicts CHD and CVD mortality as well as or better than do metabolic syndrome in men. Also, a high ratio predisposes to DM. The TyG index does not predict CHD, CVD, or all-cause mortality equally well, but like TG/HDL-C ratio, it predicts DM incidence.
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Pediatrics and pediatric nephrology lag behind adult medicine in producing randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Physician attitudes have been shown to play a significant role in RCT enrollment. ⋯ Many pediatric nephrologists have never enrolled a patient in an RCT, particularly those in practice for less than 5 years. Respondents who have not enrolled patients in RCTs have a less RCT-friendly attitude. Provision of improved training and resources might increase participation of junior providers in RCTs.