Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · May 2003
Biography Historical ArticleHugh Downman, MD (1740-1809) of Exeter and his poem on infant care.
Hugh Downman is best remembered for his poem on the care of infants in which he stressed the importance of breast feeding and proper examination.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · May 2003
Proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine responses in preterm infants with systemic infections.
A prospective study to investigate the pattern of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine responses in preterm infants with systemic infection. ⋯ The results indicate that the counter-regulatory mechanism between the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine pathways is probably operational in preterm infants of early gestation. High plasma IL6, IL10, and TNFalpha concentrations, and IL10/TNFalpha and IL6/IL10 ratios signify severe infection, but transiently elevated plasma IL10 concentration or IL10/TNFalpha ratio does not necessarily indicate a poor prognosis.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · May 2003
Cardiac output, pulmonary artery pressure, and patent ductus arteriosus during therapeutic cooling after global hypoxia-ischaemia.
To assess by Doppler echocardiography the effects of 24 hours of whole body mild hypothermia compared with normothermia on cardiac output (CO), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), and the presence of a persistent ductus arteriosus (PDA) after a global hypoxic-ischaemic insult in unsedated newborn animals. ⋯ The introduction of mild hypothermia while the pigs were unsedated did not affect the incidence of PDA nor did it lead to any changes in MABP or PAP. Stroke volume was also unaffected by temperature, but hypothermic piglets subjected to a severe hypoxic-ischaemic insult had reduced CO because the heart rate was lower. Global hypoxia-ischaemia leads to similar transient increases in CO and estimated PAP in unsedated normothermic and hypothermic pigs. There were no signs of metabolic compromise in any subgroup, suggesting that 24 hours of mild hypothermia had no adverse cardiovascular effect.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Mar 2003
Infant to staff ratios and risk of mortality in very low birthweight infants.
To assess the effect that infant to staff ratios, in the first three days of life, have on the survival to hospital discharge of very low birthweight infants (<1500 g), having adjusted for initial risk and unit workload. ⋯ Infants exposed to higher infant to staff ratios have an improved adjusted risk of survival to hospital discharge.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Mar 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPilot investigation of hypothermia in neonates receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
Infants requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support represent a high risk group in terms of cerebral injury. Mild hypothermia both during and after cerebral hypoxic ischaemia appears to be a promising strategy for offering neuroprotection. ⋯ Mild hypothermia (34 degrees C) for the initial 12 hours of an ECMO run is feasible.