Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition
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The main methods of oxygen administration to infants are reviewed. Some methods are more economical and therefore more useful in developing countries. All the methods have potential complications and therefore need to be carefully supervised.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Mar 2003
Multicenter StudyA ten year, multicentre study of coagulase negative staphylococcal infections in Australasian neonatal units.
To study late onset systemic infections with coagulase negative staphylococci. ⋯ CoNS are currently responsible for most late onset neonatal infections. Most infected babies are < 30 weeks gestation at birth, and usually present between 7 and 14 days of age. CoNS infections may be associated with necrotising enterocolitis, although causality is unproven. Neonatal CoNS infections are relatively benign: meningitis is rare and mortality low compared with infection from other organisms. Over-vigorous attempts to reduce the incidence of CoNS infections using prophylactic antibiotics are not advisable.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Jan 2003
Intestinal permeability in relation to birth weight and gestational and postnatal age.
To determine the relation between intestinal permeability and birth weight, gestational age, postnatal age, and perinatal risk factors in neonates. ⋯ In preterm infants (26-36 weeks gestation), intestinal permeability is not related to gestational age or birth weight but is higher during the first 2 days of life than three to six days later. It is higher in preterm infants than in healthy term infants only if measured within two days of birth. This suggests rapid postnatal adaptation of the small intestine in preterm infants.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Sep 2002
Clinical course and medical management of neonates with severe cardiac failure related to vein of Galen malformation.
Neonatal presentation of vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations (VGAMs) with intractable cardiac failure is considered a poor prognostic sign. Interventional neuroradiology with embolisation has been shown to control cardiac failure, but there is a perception that neurological outcome in survivors is poor. ⋯ Aggressive medical treatment of cardiac failure and early neurointervention combined with modern neuroanaesthetic care results in good survival rates with low morbidity even in cases of high risk VGAM presenting in the immediate perinatal period with cardiac failure. Systemic arterial vasodilators improve outcome in neonates with cardiac failure secondary to VGAM. Excessive beta adrenergic stimulation induced by conventional inotropic agents may exacerbate systemic hypoperfusion.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Jul 2002
ReviewUpdate on modalities of mechanical ventilators.
Recent advances in ventilator technology have often not been confirmed by randomised trials and instead serious shortcomings have been highlighted. Ventilation modes should only be introduced into routine clinical practice when proved efficacious in appropriately designed studies and no adverse outcomes identified by long term follow up.