Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Sep 1996
Biography Historical ArticleDr John Snow (1813-58) of London: pioneer of obstetric anaesthesia.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · May 1996
Continuous central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) measurement using a fibre optic catheter in newborn infants.
To describe the range of central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) values in stable newborn infants breathing room air; to examine the correlation between ScvO2 and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2); to describe fractional oxygen extraction; and the shunt index, an estimate of the venous admixture. ⋯ Stable preterm infants breathing room air had an ScvO2 ranging from 65% to 82% (5th and 95th percentile), which corresponded to SaO2 > or = 86%. ScvO2 values were significantly correlated with SaO2 in most patients.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Mar 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialReduction of pain response in premature infants using intraoral sucrose.
The potential of sucrose to reduce the pain response in a group of healthy premature infants was investigated. Fifteen infants of 32-34 weeks postmenstrual age were tested in a blind crossover manner on two separate occasions no more than two days apart. ⋯ There was a significant reduction in the duration of first cry, the percentage of time spent crying in the 5 minutes after heel prick, and the pain score in the sucrose treated group. It is concluded that sucrose has analgesic effects in healthy premature infants.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Mar 1996
Early determinants of right and left ventricular output in ventilated preterm infants.
One hundred and twenty ventilated preterm infants, birthweight < 1500 g, were examined within the first 36 hours with colour Doppler echocardiography, to determine the cardiorespiratory influences on right (RVO) and left ventricular output (LVO). Forty nine of these infants had three further daily scans. Measurements included left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction, Doppler determination of RVO and LVO, and ductal and interatrial shunt direction, velocity and colour Doppler diameter. ⋯ With LVO as the dependent variable, increasing RVO, ductal shunt diameter, and age were significant positive influences and increasing atrial shunt diameter was a significant negative influence. Low ventricular outputs are more common with worsening respiratory disease. Mean airway pressure and ductal shunting are two negative influences on ventricular outputs over which there is some therapeutic control.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Mar 1996
Thermal stability of premature infants during routine care under radiant warmers.
The body temperatures of infants weighing less than 1500 g under radiant warmers during routine care were documented in the first week of life. Ten infants (median gestational age 28 weeks, median birthweight 913 g) were studied. During 30 nursing interventions (mean 9.2 minutes) mean oesophageal and foot temperature changed 0 degrees C and -0.11 degrees C, respectively. A radiant warmer may limit heat loss during interventions because of easy access and rapid radiant warmer responsiveness.