American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
-
Am J Health Syst Pharm · Dec 2008
ReviewUpdate on cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care guidelines.
The key changes included in the 2005 cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency cardiac care (ECC) guidelines are reviewed. Advances since publication of the current guidelines are also discussed. ⋯ Several evidence-based changes were included in the 2005 CPR and ECC guidelines, including a C:V ratio of 30:2 and mitigation of hands-off time, early defibrillation, administration of a single shock versus a three-shock sequence, use of public-access defibrillators, and a shift from primary-rhythm-based therapies to a focus on neurologic outcomes.
-
The risk factors for and risk assessment of breast cancer, recommendations for risk reduction, and roles of tamoxifen and raloxifene in the prevention of breast cancer are discussed. ⋯ Tamoxifen and raloxifene are both indicated for and equally effective in the prevention of breast cancer in women at high risk for development of the disease. Raloxifene may have a more favorable adverse-effect profile, with fewer thromboembolic events and less uterine hyperplasia when compared with tamoxifen. Despite being at high risk, many women decide against breast cancer chemoprevention with either tamoxifen or raloxifene.