American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
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Am J Health Syst Pharm · Jun 2005
ReviewPostoperative pain management with a patient-controlled transdermal delivery system for fentanyl.
The efficacy and safety of fentanyl hydrochloride patient-controlled trans-dermal system (PCTS) for management of acute postoperative pain are discussed. ⋯ Fentanyl hydrochloride PCTS is a self-contained iontophoretic fentanyl-delivery system that provides patients control over pain management and consistent management of pain without analgesic peaks and troughs.
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Am J Health Syst Pharm · May 2005
Automatic replacement of albuterol nebulizer therapy by metered-dose inhaler and valved holding chamber.
Evidence supporting the delivery of bronchodilators with a metered-dose inhaler and a valved holding chamber (MDI+VHC) in place of a small-volume nebulizer (SVN) is discussed, and the steps taken to accomplish such a conversion program at one institution are described. ⋯ Delivery of bronchodilators by MDI+VHC is as effective as delivery by SVN but offers several advantages. A policy to switch patients from SVN to MDI+VHC for bronchodilator administration met with limited success.
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Am J Health Syst Pharm · Apr 2005
Epidemiology of cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.
The novel and traditional risk factors for cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and disease in solid organ transplant (SOT) and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, the current strategies for the prevention of CMV disease, the emerging syndrome of late-onset CMV disease, and the risk factors for antiviral drug resistance are described. ⋯ The epidemiology of CMV infection and disease has changed after transplantation. Strategies to prevent late-onset CMV disease include the prolonged use of antiviral prophylaxis, but this practice can lead to the emergence of antiviral drug resistance, which has been associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality.
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The underlying causes of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in adult medical and surgical inpatients were studied. ⋯ Hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in medical and surgical inpatients were mostly related to inadequate prescribing, monitoring, and communication practices.