American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
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Am J Health Syst Pharm · Nov 2012
ReviewCurrent trends in immunosuppressive therapies for renal transplant recipients.
Current trends in immunosuppressive therapies for renal transplant recipients are reviewed. ⋯ Advancements in transplant immunosuppression have resulted in a significant reduction in acute cellular rejection and a modest increase in long-term patient and graft survival. Because the optimal immunosuppression regimen is still unknown, immunosuppressant use should be influenced by institutional preference and tailored to the immunologic risk of the patient and adverse-effect profile of the drug.
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Am J Health Syst Pharm · Nov 2012
ReviewDeclining susceptibilities of gram-negative bacteria to the fluoroquinolones: effects on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and clinical outcomes.
Published evidence of rising gram-negative bacterial resistance to fluoroquinolone therapy is reviewed, with a focus on the potential need for revising pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) targets in order to maintain acceptable clinical outcomes. ⋯ The use of the fluoroquinolones has markedly increased since the introduction of the respiratory fluoroquinolones. Surveillance data and PK-PD studies have raised concerns about suboptimal patient outcomes with the use of fluoroquinolones for some gram-negative infections, particularly BSIs. PK-PD goals and clinical breakpoints may need to be revised for these infections.