Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology
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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. · Apr 2010
Dynamic changes in lung microRNA profiles during the development of pulmonary hypertension due to chronic hypoxia and monocrotaline.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that have the capacity to control protein production through binding "seed" sequences within a target mRNA. Each miRNA is capable of potentially controlling hundreds of genes. The regulation of miRNAs in the lung during the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is unknown. ⋯ Defined miRNAs are regulated during the development of PAH in rats. Therefore, miRNAs may contribute to the pathogenesis of PAH and represent a novel opportunity for therapeutic intervention.
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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. · Apr 2010
Functional role of vanilloid transient receptor potential 4-canonical transient receptor potential 1 complex in flow-induced Ca2+ influx.
The present study is aimed at investigating the interaction of TRPV4 with TRPC1 and the functional role of such an interaction in flow-induced Ca(2+) influx. Hemodynamic blood flow is an important physiological factor that modulates vascular tone. One critical early event in this process is a cytosolic Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)) rise in endothelial cells in response to flow. ⋯ This study shows that TRPC1 interacts physically with TRPV4 to form a complex, and this TRPV4-C1 complex may mediate flow-induced Ca(2+) influx in vascular endothelial cells. The association of TRPC1 with TRPV4 prolongs the flow-induced [Ca(2+)](i) transient, and it also enables this [Ca(2+)](i) transient to be negatively modulated by protein kinase G. This TRPV4-C1 complex plays a key role in flow-induced endothelial Ca(2+) influx.
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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. · Mar 2010
Association of plasma sphingomyelin levels and incident coronary heart disease events in an adult population: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
A high plasma sphingomyelin level has been associated with subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and worse prognosis in subjects with acute coronary syndromes. We wanted to assess the predictive value of plasma sphingomyelin levels for incident coronary heart disease (CHD) events in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. ⋯ A high plasma sphingomyelin level is not associated with an increased risk of incident CHD in population-based adults free of clinical cardiovascular disease at baseline.
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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. · Feb 2010
Postmenopausal hormone therapy and risk of idiopathic venous thromboembolism: results from the E3N cohort study.
Oral estrogen therapy increases venous thromboembolism risk among postmenopausal women. Although recent data showed transdermal estrogens may be safe with respect to thrombotic risk, the impact of the route of estrogen administration and concomitant progestogens is not fully established. ⋯ In this large study, we found that route of estrogen administration and concomitant progestogens type are 2 important determinants of thrombotic risk among postmenopausal women using hormone therapy. Transdermal estrogens alone or combined with progesterone might be safe with respect to thrombotic risk.
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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. · Jan 2010
Effects of cigarette smoke exposure on clot dynamics and fibrin structure: an ex vivo investigation.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of cigarette smoke exposure (CSE) on clot dynamics and fibrin architecture and to isolate the relative contribution of platelets and fibrinogen to clot dynamics. ⋯ Acute CSE changes clot dynamics and alters fibrin architecture. Both functional changes in fibrinogen and platelets appear to contribute to heightened thrombogenicity after acute CSE.