Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology
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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. · Jun 2008
Cardiovascular events with increased lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) and low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol: the Veterans Affairs HDL Intervention Trial.
Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2)), a proinflammatory enzyme that predominantly circulates with low-density lipoprotein (LDL), has been shown in general populations to predict cardiovascular (CV) events. We sought to determine whether increased Lp-PLA(2) would also predict CV events in the absence of high LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), in a population with low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C). ⋯ In VA-HIT, a population with low HDL-C and LDL-C, high Lp-PLA(2) independently predicted CV events that were reduced by gemfibrozil.
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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. · Apr 2008
Ex vivo priming of endothelial progenitor cells with SDF-1 before transplantation could increase their proangiogenic potential.
As SDF-1 and its cognate receptor CXCR4 play a key role in the survival and mobilization of immature cells, we examined whether preconditioning of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) with SDF-1 could further promote their capacity to enhance angiogenesis. ⋯ SDF-1 pretreatment during EPC expansion stimulates EPC adhesion to endothelial cells and thus augments the efficiency of cell therapy for ischemic vascular diseases.
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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. · Jan 2008
Multicenter StudyArterial stiffness is associated with regional ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
The pathophysiology of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, particularly in the setting of a preserved ejection fraction (EF), remains unclear. Few studies have investigated the relationship between arterial compliance and LV function in humans, and none used cardiovascular MRI. ⋯ Arterial stiffness is associated with early and asymptomatic impairment of systolic as well as diastolic myocardial function. Further studies are needed to elucidate role of vascular compliance in the development of ventricular dysfunction and failure.
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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. · Dec 2007
Hypoxia-induced mediators of stem/progenitor cell trafficking are increased in children with hemangioma.
The mechanism of neovascularization during the proliferative phase of infantile hemangioma is poorly understood. It is known that circulating bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) form new blood vessels in ischemic tissues using mediators regulated by the transcription factor, HIF-1alpha. Mobilization of EPCs is enhanced by VEGF-A, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, and estrogen, whereas homing is secondary to localized expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha). We examined whether these mediators of EPC trafficking are upregulated during the proliferation of infantile hemangioma. ⋯ These findings demonstrate that proliferating hemangiomas express known mediators of vasculogenesis and suggest that this process may play a role in the initiation or progression of this disease.