European journal of neurology : the official journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Pooled analysis of the safety and tolerability of onabotulinumtoxinA in the treatment of chronic migraine.
OnabotulinumtoxinA was effective and well tolerated for prophylaxis of headache in patients with chronic migraine (CM) in two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trials. To further assess the safety and tolerability of onabotulinumtoxinA in CM prophylaxis in adults, the pooled safety data from four double-blind, placebo-controlled trials were analyzed. ⋯ Multiple treatments with onabotulinumtoxinA at doses of 75-260 U administered every 12 weeks, and up to five treatment cycles, were well tolerated for the prophylaxis of headache in adults with CM.
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To evaluate whether white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) may act as an independent predictor for progression of cognitive status, the authors analyzed the longitudinal effects of WMHs on cognitive dysfunction in non-demented patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). ⋯ The present study demonstrates that WMH burden is a significant predictor of conversion from PD-MCI to PD dementia and is related to ongoing decline in frontal-lobe-based cognitive performance.
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The neurological outcome of acute encephalitis can be devastating and early prognosis remains difficult. Biomarkers that quantify the extent of early brain injury are needed to improve the prognostic accuracy and aid patient management. Our objective was to assess whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein biomarkers of neuroaxonal and glial cell injury are elevated in distinct forms of acute encephalitis and predictive of poor outcome. ⋯ This study suggests that longitudinal CSF NfH levels are of superior prognostic value compared with CSF S100B levels. Prolonged release of NfH, a marker of neuroaxonal damage, was associated with poor outcome. Potentially there is a window of opportunity for future neuroprotective treatment strategies in encephalitis.
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Hemodialysis (HD) may increase the risk of acute subdural hematoma (SDH) with high fatality, but the extent of this disease in non-western populations is unclear. The incidence of and fatality from SDH in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on HD were examined for an Asian population. ⋯ ESRD patients with HD were demonstrated to be at high risk of subsequent SDH and to have a high mortality risk from SDH. Proper care for HD patients is necessary to prevent the devastating disorder.
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To investigate the spectrum and risks of accidental injuries (AIs) amongst Parkinson disease (PD) patients. ⋯ Parkinson disease patients demonstrate a significantly elevated risk of developing all accidental injury types except burn injuries and injuries to spinal cord, plexus and nerves, compared with age-matched controls. The risk increases as age increases.