Continuum : lifelong learning in neurology
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This article provides an update on the state of the art of the emergency treatment of acute ischemic stroke with particular emphasis on the alternatives for reperfusion therapy. ⋯ Timely successful reperfusion is the most effective treatment for patients with acute ischemic stroke. Systems of care should be optimized to maximize the number of patients with acute ischemic stroke able to receive reperfusion therapy.
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Continuum (Minneap Minn) · Oct 2016
Review Case ReportsPositron Emission Tomography and Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography in Neurology.
Positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) are now available for routine clinical applications in neurology. This article discusses their diagnostic use in dementia, brain tumors, epilepsy, parkinsonism, cerebrovascular disease, and traumatic brain injury. ⋯ Neurologic PET and SPECT are no longer restricted to the research realm. These modalities have high diagnostic accuracy.
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Hemorrhagic stroke comprises approximately 15% to 20% of all strokes. This article provides readers with an understanding of the indications and significance of various neuroimaging techniques available for patients presenting with hemorrhagic strokes of distinct causes. ⋯ Neuroimaging studies are integral to the identification of hemorrhagic stroke, determination of the underlying etiology, prevention of hematoma expansion, treatment of acute complications, and treatment of the underlying etiology, if indicated. Neuroimaging is essential for prognostication and thus directly impacts patient care.
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Continuum (Minneap Minn) · Apr 2016
ReviewLewy Body Dementias: Dementia With Lewy Bodies and Parkinson Disease Dementia.
This article provides an overview of the clinical features, neuropathologic findings, diagnostic criteria, and management of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson disease dementia (PDD), together known as the Lewy body dementias. ⋯ DLB and PDD are important and common dementia syndromes that overlap in their clinical features, neuropathology, and management. They are believed to exist on a spectrum of Lewy body disease, and some controversy persists in their differentiation. Given the need to optimize cognition, extrapyramidal function, and psychiatric health, management can be complex and should be systematic.
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Many comorbid conditions occur among people with epilepsy. These comorbid conditions can be divided into physical, psychiatric, and cognitive groups. This article examines the common comorbid conditions associated with epilepsy and identifies management strategies to mitigate these health concerns. ⋯ This article explains common comorbid conditions such as depression, anxiety, and memory difficulties; outlines treatment approaches; and discusses functional restrictions such as driving. SUDEP and the risk factors that contribute to it are also discussed.