Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention
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To determine the proportion of hip fracture patients who experience long-term disability and to re-estimate the resulting burden of disease associated with hip fractures in Australia in 2003. ⋯ The original assumptions used in burden of disease studies grossly underestimate the long-term disability from hip fractures. The long-term consequences of other injuries may similarly have been underestimated and need to be re-examined. This has important implications for modelling the cost-effectiveness of preventive interventions where disability-adjusted life years are used as a measure of health outcome.
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Injuries are a major source of mortality and morbidity in China with approximately 66 million citizens requiring emergency medical care. Trauma registries provide the basis for quality assurance processes and inform the treatment of the injured patient. Against the backdrop of the recently established Chinese National Injury Surveillance System, the feasibility of establishing a multicentre trauma registry in a limited number of hospitals was examined. ⋯ The findings indicate significant numbers of patients presenting due to injury, though little comparability in the type of information collected both between hospitals and with international trauma registry systems. The development of multicentre trauma registry is suggested as a way to monitor trauma system performance. The integration of clinical indicators into the National Injury Surveillance System in the long term is also recommended.
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To examine relationships between violence, age (0-74 years), and deprivation, and to explore in which communities, age groups, and gender the potential for transmission of violent tendencies between individuals is greatest. ⋯ Analyses identify four lifetime periods for violence: up to 10 years (prepubescent), 11-20 years (adolescence), 21-45 years (younger adults), and over 45 years (older adults). While violence is most common in adolescence, its concentration in poorer areas during prepubescence and in younger adulthood (parenting age) suggests that poorer children are exposed to much more aggressive communities. This is likely to contribute to the disproportionate escalation in violence they experience during adolescence. Effective interventions to prevent such escalations are available and need to be implemented particularly in poor communities.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Preventing bath water scalds: a cost-effectiveness analysis of introducing bath thermostatic mixer valves in social housing.
To assess the cost-effectiveness of installing thermostatic mixer valves (TMVs) in reducing risks of bath water scalds and estimate the costs of avoiding bath water scalds. ⋯ It is very likely that installing TMVs as standard in social housing in new buildings and major refurbishments accompanied by educational information represents value for money.
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To explore the factors that influence recovery from serious injuries sustained in motor vehicle crashes, particularly differences between those with compensable and non-compensable injuries. ⋯ The injury recovery experience was difficult for all subjects, but it was particularly stressful for those claiming compensation. Based on this study, the claims process, particularly medico-legal examinations, and other factors that could impact on injury recovery, are targets for further research, possible policy review, or legislative change.