Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences
-
Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. · Aug 2010
Schizophrenia patients discharged against medical advice at a mental hospital in Taiwan.
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with discharge against medical advice (AMA) and compare the time to rehospitalization between patients with AMA discharges and those with regular discharges. ⋯ Male gender and prescription of typical antipsychotic agents increased the likelihood of AMA discharge. The consequence for patients with AMA discharges was earlier rehospitalization. Future studies are needed in many different mental health systems to better generalize the findings.
-
Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. · Jun 2010
Comparative StudyCorrelations between alexithymia and pain severity, depression, and anxiety among patients with chronic and episodic migraine.
Some studies have found elevated alexithymia among patients with chronic pain, but the correlations between alexithymia and the severity of pain, depression, and anxiety among migraine patients are unclear. The aims of the present study were to investigate whether individuals suffering from episodic migraine (EM) differ from those with chronic migraine (CM) in regards to depression, anxiety, and alexithymia measures and to investigate the association of alexithymia with the results of depression and anxiety test inventories and illness characteristics. ⋯ Our results indicate that CM patients are considerably more depressive than EM patients. In this study, depression and anxiety were significantly correlated with alexithymia in both migraine groups. Our results demonstrate a positive association between depression, anxiety, and alexithymia in migraine patients.
-
Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. · Jun 2010
Posterior orbitofrontal sulcogyral pattern associated with orbitofrontal cortex volume reduction and anxiety trait in panic disorder.
The posterior region of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), which forms its sulcogyral pattern during neurodevelopment, receives multisensory inputs. The purpose of the present study was to assess the relationship between posterior OFC sulcogyral pattern and OFC volume difference in patients with panic disorder. ⋯ POS subtypes may be relevant to volume reduction in OFC and the anxiety trait in patients with panic disorder. These findings suggest that volume reduction in OFC in panic disorder may be associated with neurodevelopment.
-
Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. · Apr 2010
Peritraumatic Distress Inventory as a predictor of post-traumatic stress disorder after a severe motor vehicle accident.
The aim of this study was to examine the utility of the Peritraumatic Distress Inventory (PDI) as a predictor of subsequent post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in severe motor vehicle accident survivors. ⋯ The study suggests the predictive usefulness of the PDI for subsequent PTSD in accident survivors. Its adequate usage should be further elaborated.
-
Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. · Apr 2010
Characteristics of the tree-drawing test in chronic schizophrenia.
A tree-drawing test acts as both a projective psychological examination as well as a supplementary psychodiagnostic tool. There is little information relating the characteristics of schizophrenia and the tree-drawing test. The present study compared the structural and morphological differences in the results of the tree-drawing test between schizophrenic patients and healthy individuals, as well as between schizophrenic patients who responded well to treatment and those who responded poorly. ⋯ The present study suggests that the trees drawn by schizophrenic patients are significantly different from those drawn by healthy individuals, but among schizophrenic patients, it is difficult to distinguish between good responders and poor responders using the tree-drawing test.