International anesthesiology clinics
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Int Anesthesiol Clin · Jan 2000
ReviewTechniques to avoid intubation: noninvasive positive pressure ventilation and heliox therapy.
NPPV is useful in decreasing the intubation rate in carefully selected patients with acute respiratory failure--particularly in patients with COPD. The results of some studies also suggest a survival benefit for use of NPPV with acute respiratory failure associated with COPD. ⋯ The use of heliox for other indications is unclear. Heliox may adversely affect the function of respiratory care equipment such as flow meters, ventilators, nebulizers, and pulmonary function monitors.
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Int Anesthesiol Clin · Jan 2000
ReviewThe traumatic airway: the anesthesiologist's role in the emergency room.
An approach to the airway is addressed in Table 1. A summary of induction/NMB agents and doses is given on Table 2; indications for the different agents are noted on Table 3. ⋯ The backup plan might involve the use of BVM ventilation, blind digital intubation, fiberoptic bronchoscope-aided intubation, retrograde techniques, light wand intubation, laryngeal mask airway techniques, posterior pharyngeal endotracheal tube placement ventilation, or a surgical airway. Most of these approaches are reviewed elsewhere.